Numbers 28:28 kjv
And their meat offering of flour mingled with oil, three tenth deals unto one bullock, two tenth deals unto one ram,
Numbers 28:28 nkjv
with their grain offering of fine flour mixed with oil: three-tenths of an ephah for each bull, two-tenths for the one ram,
Numbers 28:28 niv
With each bull there is to be a grain offering of three-tenths of an ephah of the finest flour mixed with oil; with the ram, two-tenths;
Numbers 28:28 esv
also their grain offering of fine flour mixed with oil, three tenths of an ephah for each bull, two tenths for one ram,
Numbers 28:28 nlt
These will be accompanied by grain offerings of choice flour moistened with olive oil ? six quarts with each bull, four quarts with the ram,
Numbers 28 28 Cross References
| Verse | Text | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Num 28:26 | ‘On the day of the firstfruits… | Introduces the Feast of Weeks setting. |
| Num 28:27 | You shall present a burnt offering… two young bulls… | Specifies the animal sacrifices this verse accompanies. |
| Lev 23:15-22 | …when you bring the new grain offering to the Lord… | General laws for the Feast of Weeks, including offerings. |
| Deut 16:9-12 | You shall count seven weeks… then you shall keep the Feast of Weeks… | Command to observe the Feast of Weeks in general. |
| Num 15:1-16 | When you come into the land… you make an offering by fire… | General law for meal/drink offerings accompanying burnt offerings. |
| Lev 2:1-16 | When anyone brings a grain offering as an offering to the Lord… | Detailed instructions for the grain offering components. |
| Lev 6:14-18 | ‘This is the law of the grain offering:… | Priestly regulations regarding the handling of grain offerings. |
| Exod 29:38-46 | Now this is what you shall offer on the altar: two lambs… and a grain offering… | Describes the perpetual daily burnt offering and its associated grain offering. |
| Num 29:3-4 | their grain offering, fine flour mixed with oil, three-tenths of an ephah for each bull, two-tenths for one ram, and one-tenth for each of the seven lambs; | Similar specified proportions for offerings on the Feast of Trumpets, demonstrating consistency. |
| Num 29:9-10 | their grain offering, fine flour mixed with oil, three-tenths for each bull… one-tenth for each of the seven lambs. | Similar specified proportions for offerings on the Day of Atonement. |
| Psa 40:6 | Sacrifice and offering you have not desired… | Suggests that external rituals are secondary to obedience and heart attitude. |
| Hos 6:6 | For I desire steadfast love and not sacrifice, the knowledge of God rather than burnt offerings. | Emphasizes God's preference for internal devotion over mere external ritual. |
| Heb 10:1-10 | …for it is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to take away sins… | Christ's one-time sacrifice fulfills and abolishes the need for these repeated offerings. |
| John 6:35 | Jesus said to them, “I am the bread of life… | Jesus as the spiritual fulfillment of the "grain" (bread) offering. |
| Rom 12:1 | I appeal to you therefore, brothers, by the mercies of God, to present your bodies as a living sacrifice… | Application for New Covenant believers to offer their whole lives as spiritual sacrifices. |
| Phil 4:18 | I have received full payment, and more. I am well supplied… a fragrant offering, a sacrifice acceptable and pleasing to God. | Giving in the New Covenant as a spiritual offering, like a fragrant Old Testament offering. |
| 1 Cor 10:16-17 | The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ? | The communion elements representing Christ's sacrifice and the unity of believers, a New Covenant meal. |
| Eph 5:2 | …and walk in love, as Christ loved us and gave himself up for us, a fragrant offering and sacrifice to God. | Christ's self-sacrifice portrayed in language reminiscent of Old Testament offerings. |
| 1 Pet 2:5 | you yourselves like living stones are being built up as a spiritual house, to be a holy priesthood, to offer spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God through Jesus Christ. | Believers now constitute a spiritual priesthood offering spiritual sacrifices. |
| Exod 25:2 | Tell the people of Israel to bring me a contribution. From every man whose heart moves him you shall receive the contribution for me. | Underlying principle of freewill and willing heart in bringing offerings to God. |
| 2 Cor 9:7 | Each one must give as he has decided in his heart, not reluctantly or under compulsion, for God loves a cheerful giver. | New Testament emphasis on the heart behind giving, applicable to spiritual offerings. |
| Jas 1:18 | Of his own will he brought us forth by the word of truth, that we should be a kind of firstfruits of his creatures. | New Covenant believers as God's "firstfruits," relating to the harvest theme of the feast. |
Numbers 28 verses
Numbers 28 28 Meaning
This verse precisely details the quantity and quality of the accompanying grain offerings (fine flour mixed with oil) required for the animal sacrifices offered during the Feast of Weeks, specifying the exact measurements for each bull, ram, and the seven lambs. It emphasizes God's demand for specific, generous, and orderly worship from His people, signifying His provision and their dedication.
Numbers 28 28 Context
Numbers chapters 28 and 29 meticulously detail the mandatory public sacrifices for all annual festivals, including daily, weekly, and monthly offerings. These chapters function as a comprehensive liturgical calendar, ensuring the Israelites knew precisely what offerings were due, when, and in what quantities. Verse 28 specifically falls within the regulations for the Feast of Weeks, also known as Pentecost (Num 28:26-31), a harvest festival and a commemoration of God's covenant with Israel at Sinai. Historically, as Israel prepared to enter the Promised Land, these detailed instructions were crucial for maintaining their covenant relationship with God through ordered worship. The repetition and specificity highlight God's precision and expectation for His people's reverence and obedience in approaching Him.
Numbers 28 28 Word analysis
- also: Hebrew: גַּם (gam). Indicates an addition; this offering is presented alongside and in addition to the specified animal sacrifices. It emphasizes the complete nature of the required worship, not just the primary animal offering.
- their grain offering: Hebrew: מִנְחָתָם (minḥātām). "Minhah" refers to a non-animal offering, usually consisting of flour, bread, or grain, often accompanied by oil and frankincense. It symbolizes dedication, thanksgiving, or a pledge of loyalty. Unlike sin offerings, it did not directly atone for specific sins but served as a general expression of worship, dependency, and homage to God as the provider of sustenance.
- fine flour: Hebrew: סֹלֶת (sōlet). The highest quality, meticulously ground flour. Its inclusion signifies the best being offered to God, emphasizing the demand for excellence, purity, and sincerity in worship. It represents presenting one's best and signifies the perfection embodied in Christ.
- mixed with oil: Hebrew: בַּשֶּׁמֶן (bāshemen), literally "in oil." Oil often symbolizes prosperity, blessing, sanctification, and most significantly, the anointing of the Holy Spirit. Its inclusion sanctified the offering, possibly signifying the worshipper’s dependence on God's blessing or even foreshadowing the Holy Spirit’s role in true worship and consecration in the New Covenant.
- three-tenths of an ephah:
- ephah: Hebrew: אֵיפָה (ēphāh). An ancient Hebrew unit of dry measure, approximately 22 liters or a little over half a bushel. A "tenth of an ephah" was a common base unit, called an "omer" or "tenth-deal" (Exod 16:36).
- three-tenths: This precise measurement for each bull indicates a larger accompanying offering for the larger animal, showcasing a proportional scale and the detailed exactitude God required for these sacrifices. This divine meticulousness underscored the seriousness and orderliness of their covenant worship.
- for each bull... two-tenths for one ram... and one-tenth for each of the seven lambs: This phrase defines the specific ratios of the grain offering to each type of animal sacrifice. The proportions (3:2:1 for bull, ram, and lamb, respectively, based on a single "tenth-deal") reveal a structured and divinely ordained system, where different values or levels of offerings were prescribed according to the animal type, reinforcing the precision required in approaching a holy God. This demonstrates the numerical proportionality inherent in the Law.
Numbers 28 28 Bonus section
The concept of precise measurements and consistent proportions across various offerings, as seen in this verse and repeated elsewhere (e.g., Num 15:1-16, Num 29), indicates a divine standard and pedagogical function. It taught Israel consistency, obedience to exact commands, and the theological principle that their worship was not arbitrary but governed by God’s holiness and order. This strict adherence was part of a larger picture of separating Israel unto God. Furthermore, the grain offering (minhah), alongside its material value, pointed towards dedication of life and livelihood, embodying the "firstfruits" principle crucial to agricultural Israel and spiritually foreshadowing giving one's entire self in devotion to God (Rom 12:1).
Numbers 28 28 Commentary
Numbers 28:28, within the broader liturgical regulations, underlines the precision and comprehensive nature of Old Covenant worship. The grain offering, consisting of the purest fine flour combined with oil, wasn't a minor detail but an integral component accompanying the blood sacrifices during the Feast of Weeks. The specified quantities—three-tenths of an ephah for each bull, two-tenths for a ram, and one-tenth for each of the seven lambs—illustrate God's demand for meticulously prepared, proportionally accurate, and excellent offerings. This detailed command reveals God's orderly character, the seriousness of divine worship, and the Israelites' absolute dependence on His provision, dedicating the fruit of their labor back to Him. While animal and grain offerings pointed to the ultimate, perfect sacrifice of Christ, the principle of giving one's best with intentionality and obedience remains vital for believers in New Covenant worship.
- Example: Like building a complex structure where every measurement is critical, so was the precision God demanded in worship, emphasizing divine standards.
- Example: The finest flour signifies that God desires our best, not just what is convenient or leftover.