Joshua 19:21 kjv
And Remeth, and Engannim, and Enhaddah, and Bethpazzez;
Joshua 19:21 nkjv
Remeth, En Gannim, En Haddah, and Beth Pazzez.
Joshua 19:21 niv
Remeth, En Gannim, En Haddah and Beth Pazzez.
Joshua 19:21 esv
Remeth, En-gannim, En-haddah, Beth-pazzez.
Joshua 19:21 nlt
Remeth, En-gannim, En-haddah, and Beth-pazzez.
Joshua 19 21 Cross References
| Verse | Text | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Gen 12:7 | "To your offspring I will give this land." | God's promise of land to Abraham. |
| Gen 15:18-21 | "...to your descendants I give this land..." | Covenant establishing the extent of the land. |
| Ex 6:4-8 | "I also established my covenant with them to give them the land..." | God's faithfulness in remembering His covenant. |
| Num 26:52-56 | "The land shall be divided by lot according to the number of names." | Divine method for distributing the land. |
| Num 34:1-12 | Details Israel's land boundaries and appointed leaders. | Prescribed borders of the promised land. |
| Deut 1:8 | "See, I have set the land before you. Go in and take possession..." | Command to take the inherited land. |
| Deut 32:8-9 | "He set the boundaries of the peoples according to the number of the sons of Israel." | God's sovereignty over nations and land allocation. |
| Josh 14:1-2 | "These are the inheritances that the people of Israel received... by lot." | Confirmation of land distribution by lot. |
| Josh 17:7-11 | Description of Manasseh's border, adjoining Issachar. | Nearby tribal boundaries. |
| Josh 19:10 | The start of the specific account of Issachar's lot. | Direct context of Issachar's inheritance. |
| Josh 19:22 | "And the boundary reaches to Tabor and Shahazimah and Beth-shemesh..." | Continues listing Issachar's boundaries. |
| Josh 21:29 | "And out of the tribe of Issachar, Gath-rimmon with its pasturelands and En-gannim with its pasturelands..." | En-gannim listed as a Levitical city in Issachar. |
| Josh 23:14 | "Not one word has failed of all the good things that the Lord your God promised..." | Joshua's testimony of God's fulfilled promises. |
| Neh 9:8 | "You found his heart faithful and made a covenant with him to give to his offspring the land..." | Recalling God's faithfulness to Abraham's seed. |
| Ps 78:55 | "He drove out nations before them... and allotted their inheritance by measure..." | God's precise hand in dividing the land. |
| Ps 105:11 | Saying, "To you I will give the land of Canaan as your portion of inheritance." | Affirmation of the inheritance promise. |
| Isa 40:26 | "Lift up your eyes on high and see who has created these things..." | God's meticulous attention and knowledge. |
| Rom 15:8-9 | "For I tell you that Christ has become a servant... in order to confirm the promises made to the patriarchs..." | Christ fulfills promises made to the fathers. |
| Gal 3:18 | "For if the inheritance comes by the law, it no longer comes by promise..." | Distinction between law and promise concerning inheritance. |
| Eph 1:11 | "In him we have obtained an inheritance, having been predestined according to the purpose..." | Spiritual inheritance in Christ for believers. |
| Col 1:12 | "...giving thanks to the Father, who has qualified you to share in the inheritance of the saints in light." | Believers' participation in spiritual inheritance. |
| Heb 11:8-10 | "By faith Abraham obeyed when he was called... looking forward to the city that has foundations..." | Faith looks to an eternal, not just earthly, inheritance. |
| 1 Pet 1:3-4 | "...born again to a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ... an inheritance that is imperishable..." | The nature of the believer's future inheritance. |
Joshua 19 verses
Joshua 19 21 Meaning
Joshua 19:21 enumerates four specific cities—Remeth, En-gannim, En-haddah, and Beth-pazzez—that were part of the territorial inheritance allocated to the tribe of Issachar in the land of Canaan. This verse forms part of a meticulous record of the boundaries and settlements designated by divine decree, establishing the tribal allotments following the conquest of the land under Joshua. It signifies the precise fulfillment of God’s covenant promises regarding the land given to Israel.
Joshua 19 21 Context
Joshua chapter 19 describes the allotment of territory to the remaining seven tribes of Israel after the first five (Judah, Ephraim, Manasseh, Benjamin, Simeon, and Zebulun, though Zebulun is described just before Issachar). Specifically, Joshua 19:17-23 details the land apportioned to the tribe of Issachar. This distribution, decided by lot at Shiloh before the Lord, reflects God's ordered plan for His people to inhabit the Promised Land as per His ancient covenants. Each verse in this section, including verse 21, precisely records the names of cities and boundaries, demonstrating the detailed fulfillment of God’s word and the establishment of Israelite society in their allotted portions. The historical context is post-conquest but pre-Judges, a time of settling and consolidating control over the land.
Joshua 19 21 Word analysis
- And (וְ - ve): A simple conjunction, connecting this list of cities with those previously mentioned, indicating a continuation of the inventory of Issachar's inherited towns. It implies a comprehensive and continuous account of the inheritance.
- Remeth (רֶמֶת - Remet): This is a proper noun, a place name. The root ramah can mean "height" or "to be high," suggesting the city might have been situated on an elevated position. Its primary significance is its inclusion in the divine land distribution. Some scholars link it to Jarmuth in Issachar (Josh 21:29) or Ramath (1 Sam 30:27), though exact identification varies.
- En-gannim (עֵין גַּנִּים - ‘Ein Gannim): Literally means "Fountain of Gardens." The word ‘Ein (עֵין) means "eye" or "spring/fountain," typically referring to a water source. Gannim (גַּנִּים) is the plural of gan (גַּן), meaning "garden." This name suggests a fertile, well-watered location, indicating a valuable and desirable possession for the tribe of Issachar, known for its rich agricultural lands. This city also appears as a Levitical city given to the Gershonites (Josh 21:29) and is sometimes called Anem in 1 Chronicles 6:73.
- En-haddah (עֵין חַדָּה - ‘Ein Ḥaddah): Meaning "Fountain of Sharpness/Swiftness." Ḥaddah (חַדָּה) can derive from ḥadad (חָדַד), meaning "to sharpen, be sharp." This might describe a spring with strong, swift flow, or perhaps it implies the refreshing nature of its waters. Another possible meaning connects to "new" or "fresh" from a related root.
- Beth-pazzez (בֵּית פַּצֵּץ - Bet Patstsets): Literally "House of Dispersion" or "House of Scattering." Beth (בֵּית) means "house" or "place." Patstsets (פַּצֵּץ) is related to patzaẓ (פָּצַץ), "to burst forth, scatter, break open." The name could suggest a place known for an event of scattering or perhaps its vulnerability to being broken into. It implies an actual dwelling or settlement that was significant enough to be named and included in the inventory.
Words-group by words-group analysis:
- "And Remeth, and En-gannim, and En-haddah, and Beth-pazzez;": This structured listing, using repeated conjunctions, emphasizes the exactness and thoroughness of the divine division. It conveys a comprehensive legal and geographical document, affirming the tribes' entitlements to specific, named locations within their portion of the Promised Land. This meticulous detail underscores the faithfulness of God in delivering on His promises.
Joshua 19 21 Bonus section
- Divine Precision: The extensive cataloging of towns in Joshua chapters 13-19, including verse 21, demonstrates an extraordinary level of divine precision. This wasn't a vague promise but a specific, geographical fulfillment, leaving no doubt about the authenticity of God's covenant with Israel.
- Canaanite displacement: Each listed city, having been conquered or assigned, signifies the systematic displacement of Canaanite inhabitants and their religious practices, reinforcing the monotheistic worship of Yahweh as the sole God over the land.
- Agricultural Heart: Issachar's territory, often described as part of the "Great Plain" or Jezreel Valley, was renowned for its fertility. The naming of cities like "Fountain of Gardens" within this inheritance is fitting and further illustrates God's provision for the tribe's primary vocation as cultivators (Gen 49:14-15).
- God's Promise Kept: The presence of these named cities within Issachar's inheritance serves as a tangible, verifiable witness to future generations that "not one word has failed of all the good things that the Lord your God promised concerning you" (Josh 23:14).
Joshua 19 21 Commentary
Joshua 19:21 is a straightforward geographical entry within the detailed record of Israel's tribal land allotments. It highlights God's meticulous nature in fulfilling His covenant promise to give the land to the descendants of Abraham. The specific naming of these cities for Issachar—a tribe noted for its agricultural wealth—underscores the divine provision for their well-being. The names themselves, particularly "Fountain of Gardens" and "Fountain of Sharpness," evoke the landscape and natural resources integral to the tribes' settlement. This seemingly simple list is a profound testament to the divine order, accuracy, and fulfillment inherent in God's redemptive plan for His people, demonstrating that no detail of His word is overlooked or unfulfilled. It showcases the reality of God's perfect organization and sovereignty in providing for His people according to His wisdom.