Hosea 12:14 kjv
Ephraim provoked him to anger most bitterly: therefore shall he leave his blood upon him, and his reproach shall his LORD return unto him.
Hosea 12:14 nkjv
Ephraim provoked Him to anger most bitterly; Therefore his Lord will leave the guilt of his bloodshed upon him, And return his reproach upon him.
Hosea 12:14 niv
But Ephraim has aroused his bitter anger; his Lord will leave on him the guilt of his bloodshed and will repay him for his contempt.
Hosea 12:14 esv
Ephraim has given bitter provocation; so his Lord will leave his bloodguilt on him and will repay him for his disgraceful deeds.
Hosea 12:14 nlt
But the people of Israel
have bitterly provoked the LORD,
so their Lord will now sentence them to death
in payment for their sins.
Hosea 12 14 Cross References
| Verse | Text | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Hosea 12:14 | Yet Israel has grievously provoked Him to anger. | Hosea 12:14 (direct fulfillment) |
| Hosea 11:1-2 | God's fatherly love contrasted with Israel's rebellion. | Hosea 11:1-2 (antecedent theme) |
| Isa 42:24 | Israel’s blindness to God’s chastening hand. | Isaiah 42:24 (parallel theme) |
| Jer 44:17-19 | Israel's stubborn sin leading to judgment. | Jeremiah 44:17-19 (pattern of sin) |
| Ezek 23:36-37 | Adultery and bloodguilt are Israel's enduring sins. | Ezekiel 23:36-37 (continuation of sin) |
| Rom 1:18-23 | God’s wrath against humanity’s ungodliness. | Romans 1:18-23 (universal sin) |
| Gal 5:19-21 | Works of the flesh, indicative of continued sin. | Galatians 5:19-21 (manifestation of sin) |
| 1 Cor 6:9-10 | The unrighteous will not inherit the kingdom. | 1 Corinthians 6:9-10 (consequence) |
| Rev 18:5-7 | Babylon’s sins reaching up to heaven for judgment. | Revelation 18:5-7 (accumulated sin) |
| Ps 50:21-22 | God remembers and will rebuke the wicked. | Psalm 50:21-22 (God’s remembrance) |
| Ps 107:33-34 | God turns fruitful lands into barrenness for iniquity. | Psalm 107:33-34 (consequences) |
| Deut 28:15-68 | Consequences of disobedience. | Deuteronomy 28:15-68 (disobedience consequence) |
| Lev 26:14-16 | God's curse for breaking covenant. | Leviticus 26:14-16 (covenant consequences) |
| Neh 9:16-17 | Ancestors’ pride and stubbornness, refusing to hear God. | Nehemiah 9:16-17 (ancestral sin) |
| Acts 7:51 | Israel’s consistent resistance to the Holy Spirit. | Acts 7:51 (spiritual stiffneckedness) |
| Heb 3:12-13 | Exhortation against unbelief and hardened hearts. | Hebrews 3:12-13 (warning) |
| 2 Tim 3:13 | Wicked people will become worse and worse. | 2 Timothy 3:13 (deterioration) |
| Rev 6:9-11 | The cry of the martyrs from under the altar. | Revelation 6:9-11 (sin's impact) |
| John 3:19-20 | Light reveals and judges the darkness because deeds are evil. | John 3:19-20 (judgment principle) |
| Jude 1:4 | Ungodly people perverting grace into licentiousness. | Jude 1:4 (perversion of grace) |
Hosea 12 verses
Hosea 12 14 Meaning
The verse declares that God will punish guilty nations and individuals for their wrongdoings, particularly for the sins of their ancestors and their own persistent wickedness, showing His unwavering judgment and the generational impact of sin.
Hosea 12 14 Context
Hosea 12 prophesies against the Northern Kingdom of Israel. The chapter contrasts God’s past faithfulness with Israel's persistent sinfulness and treachery, particularly highlighting their reliance on flawed systems and their idolatrous practices. It traces their disobedience back to their ancestors' actions and their ongoing stubbornness. This final verse serves as a summation of Israel’s continuous provocations against God, setting the stage for the pronouncements of judgment in the following chapters. The historical context is the apostate Israel, drifting further into idolatry and moral corruption, oblivious to God’s warnings.
Hosea 12 14 Word Analysis
וְאַף (və’aph): "And also," "yea," "still." This conjunction emphasizes continuation and escalation of the preceding points, adding weight to the statement that follows. It signals a further accusation against Israel.
עָלָה (’alah): "to go up," "to rise," "to offer." In this context, it functions with "upon," implying something is brought forth, or a situation escalates towards a culmination. Here, it conveys an intensifying, continuing action against God.
ישְׂרָאֵל (Yisra’el): "Israel." The subject of the prophecy, the nation itself.
הַרְבָּה (harbah): "greatly," "much," "greatly multiply." Adverb modifying the intensity of their provocation.
עַל־ (’al): "upon," "against," "concerning." Preposition indicating the object of the action – God.
יִצְגוּ (yitsgû): This is a crucial word. It’s a Piel infinitive construct or a Qal imperfect form from the root צָג (tsag) or צוּג (tsug), debated in interpretation.
- One common understanding links it to "to bring forth," "to provoke to anger." This interpretation focuses on their active provocation.
- Another view connects it to a root meaning "to put forward," "to present," or "to place something upon." This could imply their persistent offerings or deeds were placed before God as an offense.
- A stronger scholarly consensus and textual evidence leans towards a form derived from צָרַר (tsarar) meaning "to be hostile," "to contend," "to provoke intensely." Thus, "to provoke intensely," "to cause great displeasure."
- The Masoretic vowel points can also indicate a Piel verb, yitazegu (hypothetical), which could be related to zēg (armour), perhaps implying they armed themselves against God or made a strong aggressive stance.
- However, the standard and most widely accepted reading, considering the context of sin and God's anger, points to "provoking to anger" or "contending fiercely" against God.
קֶצֶף (qeṣep): "wrath," "anger," "rage." The reaction provoked by Israel's actions. It signifies God’s righteous indignation.
Words Group Analysis
- הַרְבָּה לְהִצְגּוּ (harbah ləhîtsgû) - "greatly provoke." This phrase describes the extreme and continuous nature of Israel’s offensive behavior towards God. It implies their actions were not isolated incidents but a consistent pattern of hostility that incensed the Divine.
Hosea 12 14 Bonus Section
The concept of provoking God to anger is echoed throughout Scripture. It underscores that God is not a distant deity but One who reacts justly to sin. The term "provoking" carries a sense of pushing limits, testing patience, and escalating defiance. The verse also touches on the generational aspect of sin, hinting that the sins of ancestors have lasting consequences, a theme found in Exodus 20:5. Hosea's ministry repeatedly illustrates God’s grief over Israel’s straying, portraying Him as a wounded Father whose love is met with constant betrayal. This verse highlights the dire spiritual condition of Israel, emphasizing the depth of their corruption and the inevitable outcome of their continuous opposition to the Holy One.
Hosea 12 14 Commentary
Hosea 12:14 powerfully states that Israel had “greatly provoked” the LORD. This verse is a direct accusation summing up Israel’s long history of disobedience and rebellion. It encapsulates their persistent rejection of God’s grace, their adherence to sin, and their opposition to divine will. The mention of provoking God signifies not just passive resistance but an active, intense opposition that incites God's righteous anger. This judgment is not a sudden outburst but a response to cumulative offenses, suggesting that the spiritual stubbornness passed down and continued by generations created an unbearable weight of sin before God. Their continuing sin leads to God’s ultimate judgment.