Exodus 27:19 kjv
All the vessels of the tabernacle in all the service thereof, and all the pins thereof, and all the pins of the court, shall be of brass.
Exodus 27:19 nkjv
All the utensils of the tabernacle for all its service, all its pegs, and all the pegs of the court, shall be of bronze.
Exodus 27:19 niv
All the other articles used in the service of the tabernacle, whatever their function, including all the tent pegs for it and those for the courtyard, are to be of bronze.
Exodus 27:19 esv
All the utensils of the tabernacle for every use, and all its pegs and all the pegs of the court, shall be of bronze.
Exodus 27:19 nlt
"All the articles used in the rituals of the Tabernacle, including all the tent pegs used to support the Tabernacle and the courtyard curtains, must be made of bronze.
Exodus 27 19 Cross References
| Verse | Text | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Ex 27:3-8 | "And you shall make pots for receiving its ashes... all these utensils... all of bronze." | Specific bronze utensils for the altar. |
| Ex 30:17-21 | "You shall also make a bronze basin with its stand for washing..." | Another bronze fixture, for priestly purification. |
| Ex 35:16 | "the altar of burnt offering with its grating of bronze... and all its utensils." | Confirms bronze for the altar's specific utensils. |
| Ex 38:29-31 | "And the bronze contributed was 70 talents and 2,400 shekels. With it were made the bases... and all the pegs of the court all around." | Confirms the large amount of bronze used for these items. |
| Num 4:7-12 | "On the table of the bread of the Presence... also their bowls, and their cups, and their flagons for the drink offering." | Details on utensils for holy objects, for their proper service. |
| Num 21:9 | "So Moses made a bronze serpent and put it on a pole." | Bronze for a redemptive and judicial symbol. |
| Judg 4:21 | "But Jael the wife of Heber took a tent peg... and drove the peg into his temple." | A tent peg (yeteda) as a tool for security/judgment. |
| Is 33:20 | "Look upon Zion, the city of our appointed feasts! Your eyes will see Jerusalem, a quiet habitation, an immovable tent; its stakes will never be plucked up..." | Pegs as a symbol of stability and permanence. |
| Is 54:2 | "Enlarge the place of your tent... Lengthen your cords and strengthen your pegs." | Command to expand God's dwelling, strengthen its stability. |
| Zech 6:1 | "And behold, two chariots came out... the mountains were mountains of bronze." | Bronze as a symbol of strength and divine judgment. |
| 1 Ki 7:47 | "And Solomon left all the utensils unweighed, for there were very many of them; the weight of the bronze was not ascertained." | Abundance of bronze in Solomon's Temple construction. |
| 2 Chr 4:1-20 | "He made also an altar of bronze... Then he made the bronze Sea..." | Significant bronze structures in Solomon's Temple. |
| Ezr 9:9 | "For we are slaves. Yet our God has not forsaken us in our slavery, but has extended to us his steadfast love before the kings of Persia, to grant us some reviving to set up the house of our God, to repair its ruins and to give us a wall in Judah and Jerusalem." | The need for stability and restoration, even if not explicitly 'pegs'. |
| Job 27:3 | "as long as my breath is in me, and the spirit of God is in my nostrils." | Implied connection to life's delicate "peg" or duration. |
| Eccl 12:11 | "The words of the wise are like goads, and like nails firmly fixed are the collected sayings; they are given by one Shepherd." | "Nails firmly fixed" (yitdot) for stability and truth. |
| Ps 107:16 | "For he shatters the gates of bronze and cuts through bars of iron." | Bronze associated with strong barriers. |
| Jer 1:18 | "For behold, I have made you this day a fortified city, an iron pillar, and bronze walls, against the whole land..." | Bronze as a symbol of unwavering strength against opposition. |
| Heb 8:5 | "They serve a copy and shadow of the heavenly things. For when Moses was about to erect the tent, he was instructed of God..." | Tabernacle components pointing to a divine pattern. |
| Heb 9:1-2 | "Now even the first covenant had regulations for worship and an earthly sanctuary... containing the lampstand, the table, and the showbread." | Highlights the specific elements and utensils of the earthly sanctuary. |
| 1 Pet 2:5 | "you yourselves like living stones are being built up as a spiritual house, to be a holy priesthood..." | Believers as elements in God's spiritual house, built on solid foundation. |
Exodus 27 verses
Exodus 27 19 Meaning
Exodus 27:19 specifies the material—bronze—for all the auxiliary equipment of the Tabernacle and its court: "all the utensils of the tabernacle for all its service, and all its pegs, and all the pegs of the court, shall be of bronze." This verse concludes the instructions for the Tabernacle's exterior, ensuring that every element, from the large altar to the smallest peg, adhered to God's precise design. It underscores the uniformity, durability, and divinely ordained nature of every component associated with Israel's worship, emphasizing that even the less prominent parts were essential and sacred.
Exodus 27 19 Context
Exodus 27:19 is the concluding statement for the detailed instructions regarding the Tabernacle's outer court and its main furnishing, the altar of burnt offering, described in Exodus 27:1-18. Verses 1-8 detail the brazen altar, its materials (acacia wood overlaid with bronze), and its bronze utensils. Verses 9-18 then describe the layout and construction of the court, including its linen hangings, silver hooks, and bronze bases for the pillars. Verse 19 gathers all remaining unmentioned items crucial for the Tabernacle's assembly and stability—all its general utensils and the various pegs—and mandates their material: bronze. This reinforces the comprehensive nature of the divine blueprint and the uniformity of material for all load-bearing and functional components, emphasizing durability and a connection to the earthly, yet holy, ground. Historically, in ancient Near Eastern (ANE) cultures, bronze was a common and essential metal. It was used for tools, weapons, and practical implements due to its strength and resistance to corrosion, symbolizing durability and often, earthly judgment or might. For the Israelites, who were wanderers in the wilderness, materials like bronze would have been highly practical for a portable sanctuary, while its use, dictated by God, elevated its symbolism beyond mere utility to sacred function within the divine economy.
Exodus 27 19 Word analysis
- All (כָּל – kol): Denotes totality and completeness. Emphasizes that every single item, regardless of its size or perceived significance, was to conform to the divine instruction. Nothing was left to human discretion concerning its composition.
- the utensils (כְּלֵי – kelei): Refers to instruments, implements, vessels, or tools. This term is broad, encompassing various articles needed for the practical functioning of the Tabernacle and its service, from sacrificial implements to transport accessories. It highlights the functional aspect of the holy space.
- of the tabernacle (הַמִּשְׁכָּן – hammishkan): "Tabernacle" means "dwelling place." This specifies the sacred portable sanctuary where God manifested His presence among Israel. The utensils are directly for its proper operation and maintenance.
- for all its service (לְכֹל עֲבֹדָתוֹ – lekhol avodato): This phrase specifies the purpose of the utensils: for all the various functions, rituals, and operations performed within the Tabernacle. "Service" (עֲבֹדָה – avodah) implies both the labor involved and the sacred worship offered to God. It highlights the functional holiness of every item.
- and all its pegs (וְכָל יְתֵדֹתָיו – vekhol yetedotav): "Pegs" (יָתֵד – yated) refers to tent pegs or stakes used to secure the tent fabric or the outer court's curtains to the ground. These are crucial for the stability and integrity of the entire structure, especially in a windy desert environment. Their inclusion shows God's meticulous care for the practical, structural stability of His dwelling place.
- and all the pegs of the court (וְכֹל יְתֵדֹת הֶחָצֵר – vekhol yetedot hechah-tzer): Explicitly distinguishes the pegs holding the Tabernacle proper from those securing the surrounding court curtains. This emphasizes that even the enclosure, external to the dwelling tent, was part of the divinely ordained sacred space, and its stability was equally important.
- shall be of bronze (נְחֹשֶׁת – nechoshet): Bronze (a copper-tin alloy) was known for its strength, durability, and availability in the ancient world. Symbolically, bronze is associated with strength, endurance, and judgment in scripture (e.g., brazen altar for atonement; bronze serpent for healing/judgment). Its universal use for these functional and structural components speaks to the divine requirement for enduring strength and steadfastness in every aspect of God's house and the worship conducted therein. It provides a visual contrast with the precious metals (gold, silver) used for the holiest inner items, yet highlights the intrinsic value of even the "lower" structural elements as designated by God.
Exodus 27 19 Bonus section
The repetitive use of "all" (כֹּל – kol) in this verse highlights the meticulousness of God's instructions and the complete compliance expected from the Israelites. It suggests that nothing was incidental or left to human ingenuity concerning the construction of the sacred dwelling. The uniform use of bronze for these foundational and functional items served both practical (durability, strength for transport and stability in the wilderness) and symbolic purposes (endurance, association with judgment and purity through fire as seen on the brazen altar). This choice also demonstrates the sacredness applied to items that were not gold or silver. While gold adorned the Holiest places, bronze ensured the integrity and stability of the entire outer court and the altar area—where sacrifices and daily rituals connected to sin and purification took place. This shows God's holistic view: every part of the sanctuary, from its innermost sanctum to its outermost enclosure, was significant and sanctified.
Exodus 27 19 Commentary
Exodus 27:19 acts as a catch-all summary, consolidating the material for the diverse, yet essential, elements of the Tabernacle's operational and structural integrity. By mandating bronze for "all the utensils... and all its pegs," it reiterates a consistent theme of God's precise design: every single component, no matter how seemingly mundane (like a peg) or purely functional (like a pot), was specifically ordained by God for a sacred purpose. Bronze, durable and weighty, provided the necessary strength and stability for a portable sanctuary in a harsh environment. This also points to a symbolic connection; bronze, being associated with strength, earthly durability, and sometimes divine judgment (as seen with the altar for sin offerings), implies that even the mundane service in God's presence, though it enables holiness, must also reckon with sin and judgment. The comprehensive use of bronze underlines that every part of divine worship is serious, divinely specified, and capable of enduring the challenges of a fallen world, functioning steadfastly according to the divine blueprint. This holistic divine economy meant that every single piece, from the smallest to the largest, played an indispensable part in manifesting God's presence and enabling proper worship, contributing to the Tabernacle's ordered structure and service.