2 Chronicles 13:22 meaning, Cross Ref, ai commentary KJV NIV ESV NLT

2 Chronicles 13:22 kjv

And the rest of the acts of Abijah, and his ways, and his sayings, are written in the story of the prophet Iddo.

2 Chronicles 13:22 nkjv

Now the rest of the acts of Abijah, his ways, and his sayings are written in the annals of the prophet Iddo.

2 Chronicles 13:22 niv

The other events of Abijah's reign, what he did and what he said, are written in the annotations of the prophet Iddo.

2 Chronicles 13:22 esv

The rest of the acts of Abijah, his ways and his sayings, are written in the story of the prophet Iddo.

2 Chronicles 13:22 nlt

The rest of the events of Abijah's reign, including his words and deeds, are recorded in The Commentary of Iddo the Prophet.

2 Chronicles 13 22 Cross References

Verse	Text	Reference
2 Chr 9:29	Now the rest of the acts of Solomon... are they not written in the book of Nathan the prophet, and... in the visions of Iddo the seer...	Iddo as chronicler for Solomon
2 Chr 12:15	Now the acts of Rehoboam, first and last, are they not written in the book of Shemaiah the prophet, and of Iddo the seer...?	Iddo as chronicler for Rehoboam
1 Chr 29:29	As for the acts of King David, first and last, behold, they are written in the book of Samuel the seer, and in the book of Nathan the prophet, and in the book of Gad the seer.	Prophets documenting kings' lives
2 Chr 16:11	And behold, the acts of Asa, first and last, are written in the book of the kings of Judah and Israel.	Reference to a combined history book
2 Chr 20:34	Now the rest of the acts of Jehoshaphat, first and last, behold, they are written in the annals of Jehu the son of Hanani, which are recorded in the book of the kings of Israel.	Prophet chronicling another king's reign
2 Chr 26:22	Now the rest of the acts of Uzziah, first and last, Isaiah the prophet, the son of Amoz, wrote.	Major prophet recording history
2 Chr 32:32	Now the rest of the acts of Hezekiah, and his good deeds, behold, they are written in the vision of Isaiah the prophet, the son of Amoz, and in the book of the kings of Judah and Israel.	Prophet's vision as a historical record
1 Kgs 11:41	Now the rest of the acts of Solomon, and all that he did, and his wisdom, are they not written in the book of the acts of Solomon?	Reference to a non-canonical history book
1 Kgs 15:7	Now the rest of the acts of Abijam [Abijah], and all that he did, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Judah?	Parallel mention of Abijah's records
Num 21:14	Therefore it is said in the book of the Wars of the Lord...	Example of another referenced lost book
Josh 10:13	Is it not written in the Book of Jashar?	Another example of a referenced lost book
1 Sam 10:25	Then Samuel explained to the people the rights of the kingdom, and wrote them in a book and laid it up before the Lord.	Prophet writing foundational records
Isa 30:8	Now go, write it before them on a tablet, and inscribe it in a book, that it may be for the time to come as a witness forever.	Importance of written prophetic record
Jer 30:2	"Thus says the Lord, the God of Israel, 'Write all the words which I have spoken to you in a book.'	Command to record divine messages
Ezra 4:15	...a search was made in the book of the records, the chronicles.	Royal archives as source of truth
Esther 6:1	On that night the king could not sleep. So he gave orders to bring the book of memorable deeds, the chronicles...	Significance of royal chronicles
Mal 3:16	Then those who feared the Lord spoke to one another, and the Lord listened and heard them; and a book of remembrance was written before Him...	Divine record keeping
Rev 20:12	And I saw the dead, great and small, standing before the throne, and books were opened; and another book was opened, which is the book of life...	Divine books of ultimate record and judgment
Ps 56:8	You have kept count of my wanderings; put my tears in your bottle. Are they not in your book?	God's meticulous record keeping
Luke 1:3	...it seemed good to me also, having followed all things accurately from the first, to write them out in consecutive order for you...	Diligent research for accurate historical account
1 Pet 1:10-12	Concerning this salvation, the prophets who prophesied about the grace that was to be yours searched and inquired carefully...	Prophets researching divine plans
2 Tim 3:16	All Scripture is breathed out by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness.	General principle of written divine revelation
1 Jn 1:1-3	That which was from the beginning, which we have heard, which we have seen with our eyes, which we have looked upon and touched with our hands, concerning the word of life... we proclaim...	Eyewitness testimony for historical reliability
John 20:30-31	Now Jesus did many other signs... which are not written in this book; but these are written so that you may believe...	Specific selection and purpose of written record
Rom 15:4	For whatever was written in former days was written for our instruction, that through endurance and through the encouragement of the Scriptures we might have hope.	Purpose of historical writings in Scripture

2 Chronicles 13 verses

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

2 Chronicles 13 22 Meaning

This verse states that further details regarding the reign and conduct of King Abijah of Judah, including his actions, manner of life, and prophetic narrative, were documented in a separate authoritative historical work attributed to the prophet Iddo. It functions as a concluding summary for Abijah's account in 2 Chronicles, directing the reader to an external, now non-canonical, source for more comprehensive information. It highlights the Chronicler's reliance on and acknowledgment of prior written historical and prophetic records.

2 Chronicles 13 22 Context

Chapter 13 of 2 Chronicles details the reign of Abijah, king of Judah, particularly focusing on his significant victory over Jeroboam and the northern kingdom of Israel. This victory is presented as divinely ordained due to Abijah's appeal to the Lord and Judah's reliance on the true worship. The Chronicler emphasizes Abijah's adherence to God's covenant with David, contrasting it sharply with Jeroboam's apostasy. Verse 22 acts as a concluding statement to Abijah's account, typical of historical summaries found in Kings and Chronicles. It indicates that the full details of Abijah's reign—his conduct, words, and acts—are found in a more extensive work. This practice of citing external, now mostly lost, sources like "the book of the prophet Iddo" or "the book of the kings of Judah and Israel" is a common literary feature of Chronicles. It signifies that the biblical text, while divinely inspired, draws from and integrates a wider body of historical documentation available to the original author. For the Chronicler's original audience, these references reinforced the credibility and depth of the history presented, assuring them that a broader factual basis existed for the accounts of their kings.

2 Chronicles 13 22 Word analysis

Now the rest: This phrase is a common transitional marker in biblical historical narratives, signalling a conclusion to the immediate account of a king's reign while indicating that more detailed information is available elsewhere. It points to a continuation or broader body of record.
of the acts (דִּבְרֵי, divrei): Lit. "words" or "matters." In this context, divrei refers to the significant deeds, affairs, and historical events of Abijah's reign. It encompasses his accomplishments, major decisions, and interactions as king. This term often designates official historical records or chronicles.
and his ways (דְּרָכָיו, d'rakhav): Refers to Abijah's conduct, manner of life, or character. This is more than just his actions; it pertains to his moral and spiritual posture, reflecting how he walked before God and governed his kingdom. The Chronicler often highlights a king's "ways" as central to their assessment, connecting their behavior directly to divine blessing or judgment.
and his sayings (מִדְרַשׁ, midrash): This is a highly significant word here. Unlike typical terms for "sayings" or "words," midrash means "inquiry," "study," or "commentary," and implies an interpretative or expositional narrative. It suggests that Iddo's account was not merely a dry historical list but likely an interpretative history, perhaps presenting the events with a theological or moral commentary. This term's usage here might even hint at an early form of interpretive literature within prophetic traditions, where historical events were expounded upon for spiritual instruction. It elevates the text beyond simple "annals" to something akin to an exegetical work.
are written in the annals/book (מִדְרַשׁ, midrash): Again, the word midrash emphasizes that the content found in Iddo's writing was not merely a simple recording but an account that possibly provided theological insights or expanded interpretations of Abijah's reign and its significance, perhaps even explaining the divine reasons behind the events. This implies an authoritative prophetic interpretation of history.
of the prophet Iddo (הַנָּבִיא עִדּוֹ, ha'navi' Iddo): Iddo is identified as a prophet, also mentioned as a seer who wrote about Solomon (2 Chr 9:29) and Rehoboam (2 Chr 12:15). His status as a prophet indicates that his historical record was viewed with divine authority and perspective. It signifies that God's perspective on history was preserved through His appointed spokesmen, linking prophetic ministry directly with the documenting of national history. This highlights the theological framework within which the Chronicler presents the past.

2 Chronicles 13 22 Bonus section

The mention of "the book of the prophet Iddo" in this verse, alongside other similar references throughout Kings and Chronicles (e.g., "the book of the acts of Solomon," "the book of the kings of Israel and Judah"), highlights a common biblical phenomenon: the referencing of external, often prophetic, historical works that are no longer part of the canonical Bible. These references attest to the extensive body of literature that existed in ancient Israel, much of which was inspired but not chosen by God to be preserved within the authoritative canon of Holy Scripture. The Chronicler's repeated reliance on these "lost" books demonstrates that the biblical narrative is often a condensed, theologically focused selection from a wider divine-historical record, not an exhaustive encyclopedia. It also emphasizes the crucial role of prophets in documenting and interpreting Israel's history, imbuing their chronicles with divine insight and judgment, beyond mere factual recounting.

2 Chronicles 13 22 Commentary

2 Chronicles 13:22 serves as a bibliographic reference, characteristic of the Chronicler's thoroughness in detailing the kings of Judah. It directs readers to "the book of the prophet Iddo" for a more comprehensive record of Abijah's "acts, ways, and sayings." The key term, midrash, indicates that Iddo's account was not merely a chronicle of events, but likely an interpretive work, perhaps explaining the spiritual significance of Abijah's conduct and reign from a prophetic standpoint. This practice affirms the reliability of the Chronicler's history by pointing to broader historical and prophetic sources. It underscores that God's hand in history, even in details not fully recounted in Scripture, was known and recorded by His servants, emphasizing the divine sovereignty over human affairs.