1 Chronicles 3:5 kjv
And these were born unto him in Jerusalem; Shimea, and Shobab, and Nathan, and Solomon, four, of Bathshua the daughter of Ammiel:
1 Chronicles 3:5 nkjv
And these were born to him in Jerusalem: Shimea, Shobab, Nathan, and Solomon?four by Bathshua the daughter of Ammiel.
1 Chronicles 3:5 niv
and these were the children born to him there: Shammua, Shobab, Nathan and Solomon. These four were by Bathsheba daughter of Ammiel.
1 Chronicles 3:5 esv
These were born to him in Jerusalem: Shimea, Shobab, Nathan and Solomon, four by Bath-shua, the daughter of Ammiel;
1 Chronicles 3:5 nlt
The sons born to David in Jerusalem included Shammua, Shobab, Nathan, and Solomon. Their mother was Bathsheba, the daughter of Ammiel.
1 Chronicles 3 5 Cross References
| Verse | Text | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| 2 Sam 5:14 | These are the names of those that were born unto him in Jerusalem; Shammua, and Shobab, and Nathan, and Solomon, | Parallel list of David's sons in Jerusalem. |
| 1 Chron 14:3-4 | David took more wives at Jerusalem: and David had more sons and daughters. These are the names of his children whom he had in Jerusalem: Shammua, and Shobab, Nathan, and Solomon, | Another parallel list confirming the four sons. |
| 1 Chron 14:5-7 | Also Ibhar, and Elishua, and Elpelet, and Nogah, and Nepheg, and Japhia, and Elishama, and Beeliada, and Eliphalet. | Continues the list of sons born in Jerusalem. |
| 2 Sam 12:24 | And David comforted Bathsheba his wife, and went in unto her, and lay with her: and she bare a son, and he called his name Solomon: and the Lord loved him. | Records the birth of Solomon to Bathsheba. |
| 2 Sam 11:3 | And David sent and enquired after the woman. And one said, Is not this Bathsheba, the daughter of Eliam, the wife of Uriah the Hittite? | Identifies Bathsheba and her father (Eliam). |
| 2 Sam 12:15-23 | Context for Bathsheba's previous child's death and Solomon's birth. | Background to Solomon's birth and divine grace. |
| Matt 1:6 | And Jesse begat David the king; and David the king begat Solomon of her that had been the wife of Uriah; | Jesus' genealogy through Solomon's line, names the mother as Uriah's wife. |
| Luke 3:31 | Which was the son of Melea, which was the son of Menan, which was the son of Mattatha, which was the son of Nathan, which was the son of David, | Jesus' genealogy through Nathan's line. |
| 1 Chron 3:1-4 | Now these are the sons of David, which were born unto him in Hebron; the firstborn Amnon... | Preceding verses listing sons born in Hebron, providing the full context of David's sons. |
| 1 Chron 22:9-10 | Behold, a son shall be born to thee, who shall be a man of rest; and I will give him rest... he shall build an house for my name... | God's promise about Solomon, destined to build the Temple. |
| 1 Chron 28:5-6 | And of all my sons (for the Lord hath given me many sons) he hath chosen Solomon my son to sit upon the throne of the kingdom of the Lord over Israel. | David's declaration of Solomon as his divinely chosen successor. |
| Psa 89:3-4 | I have made a covenant with my chosen, I have sworn unto David my servant, Thy seed will I establish for ever, and build up thy throne to all generations. | The Davidic Covenant promising an eternal dynasty. |
| Psa 132:11-12 | The Lord hath sworn in truth unto David... Of the fruit of thy body will I set upon thy throne. | God's specific promise regarding David's descendant on the throne. |
| Rom 1:3 | Concerning his Son Jesus Christ our Lord, which was made of the seed of David according to the flesh; | Jesus' fulfillment of the Davidic lineage. |
| Acts 2:30 | Therefore being a prophet, and knowing that God had sworn with an oath to him, that of the fruit of his loins, according to the flesh, he would raise up Christ to sit on his throne; | Peter's sermon highlighting Christ's Davidic descent. |
| Isa 11:1 | And there shall come forth a rod out of the stem of Jesse, and a Branch shall grow out of his roots: | Prophecy of a messianic king from David's lineage. |
| Jer 23:5-6 | Behold, the days come, saith the Lord, that I will raise unto David a righteous Branch, and a King shall reign and prosper... | Further prophecy of the messianic king, reaffirming the Davidic line. |
| Zech 12:10 | ...they shall look upon me whom they have pierced, and they shall mourn for him, as one mourneth for his only son, and shall be in bitterness for him, as one that is in bitterness for his firstborn. | Reference to "house of David," linking to messianic prophecy; interpreted to point to the lineage of Christ's suffering. |
| Rev 22:16 | I Jesus have sent mine angel to testify unto you these things in the churches. I am the root and the offspring of David, and the bright and morning star. | Jesus' own declaration of His Davidic ancestry. |
| 1 Chron 1:1 | Adam, Sheth, Enosh, | Start of the vast genealogies in 1 Chronicles, emphasizing the book's purpose. |
| Ezra 2:61-63 | These sought their register among those that were reckoned by genealogy... | Importance of accurate genealogies for returning exiles, especially for priests, underscoring the Chronicler's concern. |
1 Chronicles 3 verses
1 Chronicles 3 5 Meaning
1 Chronicles 3:5 details four additional sons born to King David in Jerusalem: Shimea, Shobab, Nathan, and Solomon. It explicitly states they are four in number and identifies their mother as Bathshua, the daughter of Ammiel. This verse is a crucial genealogical entry, connecting the list of David's sons to his established reign in Jerusalem and highlighting the immediate royal line leading to Solomon and also to Nathan, another significant ancestor for the future messianic line.
1 Chronicles 3 5 Context
1 Chronicles chapter 3 meticulously lists the descendants of David. The preceding verses (1 Chron 3:1-4) name the six sons born to David in Hebron, where he reigned for seven and a half years before establishing Jerusalem as his capital. Verse 5, therefore, marks a chronological and geographical shift, focusing on David's family life after the move to Jerusalem. The Chronicler's primary goal in 1 Chronicles, particularly its opening chapters, is to provide a detailed and authoritative genealogy. Written post-exile, likely for a community seeking to re-establish their identity and heritage in the promised land, these genealogies served to confirm their lineage, legitimate the priestly and royal lines, and demonstrate God's continued faithfulness to His covenants, particularly the Davidic covenant promising an enduring dynasty. This verse, by naming Solomon, directly points to the royal succession and the Temple, central themes for the Chronicler, and also to Nathan, significant for future messianic hope.
1 Chronicles 3 5 Word analysis
- And these were born unto him: This phrase connects directly to the preceding list of sons. The passive construction "were born" highlights the natural succession of children. "Unto him" specifically refers to King David, maintaining the focus on his lineage.
- in Jerusalem: This geographical detail is highly significant. Jerusalem became David's capital after Hebron (2 Sam 5:6-9). The births occurring "in Jerusalem" signify David's established, unified kingdom and stable reign. It is the city from which the eternal Davidic line and the Messiah would come (Zech 12:10; Matt 2:6).
- Shimea:
שַׁמּוּעַ(Shammua) in parallel texts like 2 Sam 5:14 and 1 Chron 14:4. The variation in spelling is common in biblical Hebrew names. The name means "God has heard" or "famous/renowned." - and Shobab:
שׁוֹבָב(Shobab). Also appears in 2 Sam 5:14 and 1 Chron 14:4. The name means "rebellious" or "rebellious one," although it carries no negative connotation regarding the son himself. - and Nathan:
נָתָן(Natan). A crucial figure in biblical genealogies. While not a king, his lineage is used to trace Jesus Christ in Luke's genealogy (Lk 3:31), differentiating it from Solomon's line in Matthew's genealogy. The name means "He has given" or "gift." This could be subtly prophetic of his importance in the line of the "gift of God." - and Solomon:
שְׁלֹמֹה(Shlomo). The most prominent of these sons, who succeeded David as king and built the First Temple. His name means "peaceful" or "peace." This name foreshadows his reign of peace after David's wars, and the era of prosperity associated with his kingdom. He is central to the fulfillment of the Davidic Covenant regarding the Temple and succession. - four: This explicit count serves to confirm the precise number of children from this specific union listed in this verse, reinforcing the meticulous nature of the genealogy.
- of Bathshua the daughter of Ammiel: This identifies the mother.
- Bathshua:
בַּת־שׁוּעַ(Bath-shua), which literally means "daughter of opulence" or "daughter of an oath." In 2 Sam 11-12, she is known as Bathsheba (בַּת־שֶׁבַע, Bath-sheva), meaning "daughter of an oath" or "daughter of seven." These are two variations of the same name, or very close forms used interchangeably for the same person, as confirmed by her father's identity. The Chronicler's use of "Bathshua" might subtly draw attention to her connection without explicitly narrating the scandalous details (as in 2 Sam 11) but focusing on her role as mother of Solomon. - daughter of Ammiel:
עַמִּיאֵל(Ammi'el), meaning "my kinsman is God" or "people of God." This confirms the identity of the mother as Bathsheba from 2 Samuel, whose father is named Eliam (אֱלִיעָם, Eli'am, meaning "God is kinsman"). "Ammiel" and "Eliam" are variations of the same name or two forms designating the same person, being mere inversions or having identical root meanings. This detail unequivocally links Solomon's birth to the event described in 2 Samuel 11-12, showing the Chronicler does not conceal the truth but presents it succinctly.
- Bathshua:
1 Chronicles 3 5 Bonus section
The inclusion of both Solomon and Nathan's lines is providentially significant. While Matthew's Gospel traces Jesus' lineage through Solomon, highlighting the royal-legal claim to David's throne (Matt 1:6-16, linking Joseph to Solomon), Luke's Gospel traces Jesus' lineage through Nathan (Luke 3:23-31, linking Mary's side to Nathan). This means both principal lines of David's descendants mentioned in 1 Chronicles 3:5 eventually lead to the Messiah, demonstrating the dual fulfillment of God's covenant with David. The variations in the names (Shammua/Shimea, Bathsheba/Bathshua, Eliam/Ammiel) are examples of common biblical name variations, sometimes due to dialect, textual transmission, or scribal practice, rather than referring to different individuals. These are generally accepted as referring to the same people across the parallel accounts.
1 Chronicles 3 5 Commentary
1 Chronicles 3:5 concisely documents the birth of four significant sons to King David in Jerusalem, notably Solomon, the direct heir, and Nathan, the ancestor of another messianic line. By specifically naming "Jerusalem," the verse underscores the stable, central period of David's reign, crucial for the development of the Davidic dynasty and its covenant promises. The identity of their mother, Bathshua (Bathsheba), and her father Ammiel (Eliam), though stated succinctly, acknowledges the well-known context of Solomon's conception without dwelling on David's sin, aligning with the Chronicler's theological emphasis on David's positive contributions—the establishment of the Temple worship and the divinely ordained kingdom—rather than his moral failings. The listing serves a foundational role for the post-exilic community, reaffirming the unbroken, legitimate Davidic line as part of God's redemptive plan leading ultimately to the Messiah.