1 Chronicles 3:20 kjv
And Hashubah, and Ohel, and Berechiah, and Hasadiah, Jushabhesed, five.
1 Chronicles 3:20 nkjv
and Hashubah, Ohel, Berechiah, Hasadiah, and Jushab-Hesed?five in all.
1 Chronicles 3:20 niv
There were also five others: Hashubah, Ohel, Berekiah, Hasadiah and Jushab-Hesed.
1 Chronicles 3:20 esv
and Hashubah, Ohel, Berechiah, Hasadiah, and Jushab-hesed, five.
1 Chronicles 3:20 nlt
His five other sons were Hashubah, Ohel, Berekiah, Hasadiah, and Jushab-hesed.
1 Chronicles 3 20 Cross References
| Verse | Text | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| 1 Chr 3:10-24 | David's descendants. | Context of royal lineage. |
| Ezra 3:2 | "Then Jeshua the son of Jozadak, with his fellow priests, and Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel..." | Zerubbabel as post-exilic leader. |
| Hag 1:1, 14 | "the word of the LORD came by the prophet Haggai to Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, governor of Judah..." | Zerubbabel's spiritual leadership. |
| Zech 4:6-10 | "Not by might, nor by power, but by my Spirit, says the LORD of hosts... 'who are you, O great mountain? Before Zerubbabel you shall become a plain...'" | Divine enabling for Zerubbabel's task. |
| Mt 1:12-16 | "And after the deportation to Babylon: Jechoniah was the father of Shealtiel, and Shealtiel the father of Zerubbabel..." | Jesus' Davidic lineage through Zerubbabel. |
| Lk 3:27 | "...the son of Neri, the son of Melchi, the son of Addi, the son of Cosam, the son of Elmadam, the son of Er, the son of Joshua, the son of Eliezer, the son of Jorim, the son of Matthat, the son of Levi, the son of Simeon, the son of Judah, the son of Joseph, the son of Jonam, the son of Eliakim, the son of Melea, the son of Menna, the son of Mattatha, the son of Nathan, the son of David," | Jesus' Davidic lineage, potentially a different line for Zerubbabel's father in Luke. |
| Gen 12:2 | "And I will make of you a great nation..." | Covenant promise to Abraham, foundation of Israel's lineage. |
| 2 Sam 7:12-16 | "I will raise up your offspring after you... and I will establish his kingdom. He shall build a house for my name, and I will establish the throne of his kingdom forever." | Davidic Covenant of an eternal dynasty. |
| Ps 89:3-4 | "I have made a covenant with my chosen one; I have sworn to David my servant: 'I will establish your offspring forever, and build up your throne for all generations.'" | Affirmation of the Davidic Covenant. |
| Is 11:1 | "There shall come forth a shoot from the stump of Jesse..." | Prophecy of the Davidic Messiah. |
| Jer 33:17 | "For thus says the LORD: David shall never lack a man to sit on the throne of the house of Israel." | Promise of enduring Davidic succession. |
| Ezra 2:2 | "Those who came with Zerubbabel, Jeshua..." | Listing of returnees from exile with Zerubbabel. |
| Neh 7:7 | "These are the people of the province who came up out of the captivity of those exiles whom Nebuchadnezzar..." | Parallel list of exiles returned with Zerubbabel. |
| Rom 9:4-5 | "They are Israelites, and to them belong the adoption, the glory, the covenants, the giving of the law, the worship, and the promises. To them belong the patriarchs, and from their race, according to the flesh, is the Christ, who is God over all, blessed forever. Amen." | Importance of Israel's lineage, culminating in Christ. |
| Heb 7:14 | "For it is clear that our Lord descended from Judah..." | Christ's tribal lineage confirmed. |
| Rev 22:16 | "I am the Root and the Offspring of David..." | Jesus' self-identification with Davidic lineage. |
| Num 1:18 | "and they registered their ancestry by their clans, by their fathers' houses..." | Importance of tribal and family genealogies. |
| 1 Chr 9:1 | "So all Israel was enrolled in genealogies..." | Emphasis on detailed records in Chronicles. |
| 1 Chr 3:19 | "The sons of Pedaiah: Zerubbabel and Shimei. The sons of Zerubbabel: Meshullam and Hananiah..." | Direct preceding verse listing Zerubbabel's family. |
| Lk 1:32-33 | "...the Lord God will give to him the throne of his father David, and he will reign over the house of Jacob forever, and of his kingdom there will be no end." | Gabriel's prophecy of Christ's Davidic kingship. |
1 Chronicles 3 verses
1 Chronicles 3 20 Meaning
1 Chronicles 3:20 lists five of Zerubbabel's sons: Hashubah, Ohel, Berechiah, Hasadiah, and Jushabhesed. This verse is part of a longer genealogical record that meticulously traces the lineage of King David, demonstrating the unbroken continuity of his royal line, particularly important for the post-exilic community. These names signify the ongoing life and fruitfulness of the Davidic family, connecting the promises made to David with the returning community and their future hope.
1 Chronicles 3 20 Context
First Chronicles Chapter 3 is a comprehensive list of King David's descendants, designed to show the continuation of his royal line through various generations, especially focusing on those who returned from Babylonian exile. The book of 1 Chronicles, written in the post-exilic period, aimed to reassure and instruct the repatriated community, emphasizing God's enduring faithfulness to His covenants, particularly the Davidic Covenant of an eternal dynasty.
Verse 20, by listing five additional sons of Zerubbabel, a pivotal figure in the return from exile and the rebuilding of the Second Temple, reinforces this theme of continuity and divine providence. Zerubbabel, mentioned as "governor of Judah" in Haggai and Zechariah, represented the restoration of a form of Davidic leadership. His many sons demonstrate a thriving lineage, providing hope for future fulfillment of God's promises despite the nation's diminished state under foreign rule. The meticulous recording of these names signifies the Chronicler's concern for legitimate succession and the ongoing identity of the Jewish people, anticipating the ultimate Davidic heir.
1 Chronicles 3 20 Word analysis
- And (וְ - wĕ): A simple conjunction, connecting the list of names in verse 20 to the previous listing of Zerubbabel's offspring in verse 19, suggesting a continuation of his direct descendants.
- Hashubah (חֲשֻׁבָה - Ḥashubah): Derived from the Hebrew root chashab (חשׁב), meaning "to think, count, devise, regard." This name could signify "regarded," "thought about," or "consideration." It suggests God's mindful attention and purpose, especially relevant for a line struggling post-exile.
- Ohel (אֹהֶל - ʾŌhel): Means "tent" or "dwelling." Biblically, a tent often signifies presence (God's tabernacle, or human dwellings), transient habitation, or security. The name could represent the continuation of a dwelling place, symbolic of stability and the ongoing family line.
- Berechiah (בֶּרֶכְיָה - Bereḵyāh): Composed of barak (ברך), "to bless," and Yah (יה), a short form of Yahweh. The name means "Yahweh blesses" or "blessed by Yahweh." This name is a theological affirmation of divine blessing and favor upon this family line, reminding the reader of God's faithfulness despite national hardship.
- Hasadiah (חֲסַדְיָה - Ḥasadyāh): Derived from chesed (חסד), meaning "steadfast love," "loyal love," "kindness," or "mercy," combined with Yah. It translates to "Yahweh is kind/faithful" or "Love of Yahweh." This powerful name reinforces God's enduring covenant love and mercy as the foundation for the family's continuation and the nation's hope.
- Jushabhesed (יוּשַׁב חֶסֶד - Yūšaḇ-ḥeseḏ): This is a compound name. Yūšaḇ can be interpreted in a few ways: from yashab (ישׁב), "to dwell," or more likely from the causative hiphil of shuv (שׁוב), "to return, restore." Combined with chesed, it means "kindness will return" or "one to whom kindness is returned" or, profoundly, "steadfast love is restored/returns." This name carries a message of restoration, deeply poignant for the post-exilic community looking for the return of God's favor and fulfillment of His promises.
- Five (חֲמִשָּׁה - ḥamishāh): A numerical descriptor. While simple, its explicit mention emphasizes the precise recording and completion of this particular enumeration of Zerubbabel's sons, signifying the growing family and solidifying the accuracy of the lineage. It could also symbolically convey completeness for this specific generation.
Words-Group Analysis:
- "Hashubah, and Ohel, and Berechiah, and Hasadiah, Jushabhesed, five": This phrase represents a complete and specified list of five individuals, explicitly enumerated. Their very names, when translated, become declarations of God's character and ongoing work: His mindful care (Hashubah), presence and stability (Ohel), blessing (Berechiah), loyal love (Hasadiah), and restored kindness (Jushabhesed). Through these names, the verse speaks not only of human lineage but also delivers a powerful theological message of divine faithfulness, especially poignant in a time of national rebuilding and anticipation. This specific group of names highlights God's attributes continuing through generations.
1 Chronicles 3 20 Bonus section
The meticulous attention to detail in genealogies like 1 Chronicles 3:20 was critical for several reasons in ancient Israel and post-exilic Judah:
- Legitimacy of Claim: For the Davidic line, an accurate genealogy was essential to validate any claim to kingship, which was tied to the Davidic covenant. This ensured the proper succession in accordance with God's promise.
- Tribal Identity and Inheritance: Genealogies also preserved tribal identities, especially the priestly line (Levi) and the royal line (Judah), allowing for proper inheritance of land and tribal responsibilities within the Mosaic Law framework.
- Theological Assurance: Beyond historical record, these genealogies served a theological purpose, demonstrating God's faithfulness to His covenant promises across generations, even in periods of national crisis. The Chronicler used them to provide hope and remind the people of God's unchanging plan for His chosen people and the Davidic house, building anticipation for the Messiah.
- Comparison to other genealogies: While 1 Chronicles 3 lists Zerubbabel's sons (potentially seven, two in v.19 and five in v.20), Matthew 1 and Luke 3 do not mention these specific names as part of Christ's direct lineage. This highlights the selectivity of biblical genealogies, which often present different lines or focus on different ancestors depending on the writer's purpose. The Chronicler's purpose here is primarily to show the broad continuation and flourishing of David's line post-exile.
1 Chronicles 3 20 Commentary
1 Chronicles 3:20, seemingly a mere listing of names, holds significant theological weight within the Chronicler's larger narrative. It's a testament to God's unwavering faithfulness to the Davidic Covenant (2 Sam 7), demonstrating that even through the devastation of exile and the subsequent period of national vulnerability, the promised royal lineage of David did not cease. By carefully documenting Zerubbabel's offspring—Zerubbabel himself being a pivotal figure embodying Davidic hope for the returned exiles—the Chronicler underscores the continuity of the royal line.
The names themselves are rich in meaning, functioning as prophetic statements about God's ongoing work: He "regards" or "accounts" (Hashubah), provides a "dwelling" or stability (Ohel), "blesses" (Berechiah), acts in "steadfast love" (Hasadiah), and promises that "steadfast love returns" or "is restored" (Jushabhesed). These names serve not only as identification but also as sources of encouragement, reminding the post-exilic community that despite their present struggles, divine blessing, presence, and lovingkindness endure, promising restoration for the future through this preserved line. This careful preservation of the Davidic genealogy in 1 Chronicles anticipates the coming of the ultimate King from David's line, Jesus the Messiah, whose heritage is traced through Zerubbabel in Matthew's Gospel (Mt 1).