Luke 23 summary meaning ai explained commentary

Luke 23 meaning explained in AI Summary

The Trial and Crucifixion of Jesus

Jesus is brought before the Jewish council and then to Pilate.
He is condemned to be crucified, along with two criminals.
Jesus dies on the cross, and His body is placed in a tomb.

Luke 23 details the trial, crucifixion, and burial of Jesus.

1. Trial Before Pilate (1-25):

The Jewish leaders bring Jesus to Pilate, the Roman governor, accusing him of treasonous claims and inciting rebellion.
Pilate questions Jesus but finds no fault in him.
Herod Antipas, ruler of Galilee, also questions Jesus but finds no reason to condemn him.
Despite finding Jesus innocent, Pilate bows to the crowd's demands and condemns Jesus to death.

2. The Road to Calvary and Crucifixion (26-49):

Simon of Cyrene is forced to carry Jesus' cross.
Women of Jerusalem weep for Jesus, who comforts them, prophesying about the future suffering of Jerusalem.
Jesus is crucified between two criminals. One mocks him, while the other repents and asks for Jesus' remembrance in his kingdom.
Darkness covers the land from noon to 3 p.m.
Jesus cries out, "Father, into your hands I commend my spirit," and dies.
The curtain of the temple is torn in two, signifying the opening of access to God.
A Roman centurion, witnessing these events, declares, "Surely this was a righteous man."

3. Burial of Jesus (50-56):

Joseph of Arimathea, a member of the Jewish council who had not consented to Jesus' condemnation, asks Pilate for Jesus' body.
Joseph wraps Jesus' body in linen and lays it in a tomb cut into the rock, where no one had ever been laid.
The women who had followed Jesus from Galilee observe the burial and prepare spices and perfumes to anoint his body after the Sabbath.

Luke 23 bible study ai commentary

Luke chapter 23 meticulously documents the final hours of Jesus's earthly life, focusing on his trials, crucifixion, death, and burial. The overarching theme is the profound irony of the innocent King being unjustly condemned by both religious and political systems, yet demonstrating sovereign authority and compassion throughout his suffering. Luke emphasizes Jesus's innocence, confirmed by multiple characters, and His role as a substitutionary sacrifice, which fulfills Old Testament prophecy and opens the way for humanity's salvation, powerfully illustrated by his exchange with the thief on the cross.

Luke 23 Context

The setting is Jerusalem during Passover under Roman occupation. Pontius Pilate is the Roman prefect with the authority of life and death (ius gladii). The Jewish Sanhedrin, while the highest religious court, cannot carry out capital punishment and must secure Roman approval. This creates a political-religious tension that the Jewish leaders exploit by framing Jesus as a political threat to Rome. Crucifixion was a brutal Roman punishment reserved for slaves, rebels, and non-citizens, designed for maximum public shame and deterrence.

Luke 23:1-5

Then the whole company of them arose and brought him before Pilate. And they began to accuse him, saying, “We found this man misleading our nation and forbidding us to give tribute to Caesar, and saying that he himself is Christ, a king.” And Pilate asked him, “Are you the King of the Jews?” And he answered him, “You have said so.” Then Pilate said to the chief priests and the crowds, “I find no guilt in this man.” But they were urgent, saying, “He stirs up the people, teaching throughout all Judea, from Galilee even to this place.”

In-depth-analysis

The charges are deliberately political, not religious, to engage Pilate.
1. "Misleading our nation": A vague charge of sedition.
2. "Forbidding us to give tribute to Caesar": A direct lie. Jesus actually affirmed paying taxes (Luke 20:25).
3. "Saying that he himself is Christ, a king": The only true part, twisted to sound like a direct political challenge to Caesar.
"You have said so": Greek (su legeis). A common Semitic idiom of affirmation. Jesus confirms his kingship but on his own terms, not as a political revolutionary.
Pilate's first declaration of innocence ("I find no guilt in this man") is swift. As a Roman governor, he would have recognized Jesus was not a military or political threat.
Mentioning "Galilee" gives Pilate a political way out, as it places Jesus under the jurisdiction of Herod Antipas.

Bible references

1 Tim 6:13: ...Christ Jesus, who in his testimony before Pontius Pilate made the good confession... (Jesus's affirmative answer).
Isa 53:7: He was oppressed, and he was afflicted, yet he opened not his mouth... (Jesus’s restrained defense).
John 18:36: Jesus answered, "My kingdom is not of this world." (Clarifies the nature of His kingship).

Cross references

Matt 27:1-2, 11-14; Mark 15:1-5; John 18:28-38 (Parallel trial accounts); Luke 20:25 (Jesus affirming taxes to Caesar).

Luke 23:6-12

When Pilate heard this, he asked whether the man was a Galilean. And when he learned that he belonged to Herod's jurisdiction, he sent him over to Herod, who was himself in Jerusalem at that time... Herod and his soldiers treated him with contempt and mocked him. Then, arraying him in splendid clothing, they sent him back to Pilate. And Herod and Pilate became friends with each other that day, for before this they had been at enmity with each other.

In-depth-analysis

This scene with Herod Antipas is unique to Luke's Gospel.
Herod's interest is shallow curiosity. He had executed John the Baptist and wants to see a miracle or a "performance" (v. 8).
Jesus's absolute silence before Herod is a powerful statement, fulfilling prophecy and demonstrating His dignity. He will not entertain a corrupt and frivolous ruler.
Mockery is a central theme. Herod arrays him in "splendid clothing" (esthes lampra), ironically dressing the true King as a mock king.
The reconciliation of Pilate and Herod over their shared contempt for Jesus is a profound indictment of human nature and power politics.

Bible references

Psa 2:1-2: Why do the nations rage... The kings of the earth set themselves, and the rulers take counsel together, against the LORD and against his Anointed... (Direct fulfillment).
Acts 4:25-27: ...why did the Gentiles rage... for truly in this city there were gathered together against your holy servant Jesus... both Herod and Pontius Pilate... (The early church recognizing this fulfillment).
Isa 53:3: He was despised and rejected by men... (Jesus's treatment).

Cross references

Mark 6:14 (Herod’s history); Isa 53:7 (Silence before accusers); Acts 12:1 (Herod Agrippa, his nephew, also persecuting the church).

Luke 23:13-25

...Pilate said to them, “You brought me this man as one who was misleading the people. And after examining him before you, behold, I did not find this man guilty of any of your charges... I will therefore punish and release him.” ...But they all cried out together, “Away with this man, and release to us Barabbas”— a man who had been thrown into prison for an insurrection started in the city and for murder... So Pilate, wishing to satisfy the crowd, released for them the man they asked for... but he delivered Jesus over to their will.

In-depth-analysis

Pilate publicly declares Jesus's innocence for the second and third times (v. 14, 22). He is legally convinced but morally weak.
The choice between Jesus and Barabbas is the theological heart of the passage. Barabbas, whose name can mean "son of the father," is guilty of the very crime Jesus was falsely accused of: insurrection.
The people choose a murderer and revolutionary over the Prince of Peace. This is a stark depiction of fallen humanity choosing sin over righteousness.
This event is a clear illustration of substitutionary atonement. The guilty man is set free, and the innocent Man is condemned to die in his place.
"Delivered Jesus over to their will" shows Pilate abdicating his Roman responsibility, caving to mob rule.

Bible references

Acts 3:14-15: But you denied the Holy and Righteous One, and asked for a murderer to be granted to you, and you killed the Author of life... (Peter's sermon recalling this event).
Isa 53:5: But he was pierced for our transgressions; he was crushed for our iniquities... (The doctrine of substitution).
Mark 15:7: And among the rebels in prison, who had committed murder in the insurrection, was a man called Barabbas. (Confirms Barabbas's crime).

Cross references

Matt 27:15-26; Mark 15:6-15; John 18:39-40; 2 Cor 5:21 (He became sin for us).

Luke 23:26-31

And as they led him away, they seized one Simon of Cyrene, who was coming in from the country, and laid on him the cross, to carry it behind Jesus... And there followed him a great multitude of the people and of women who were mourning and lamenting for him. But turning to them Jesus said, “Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for me, but weep for yourselves and for your children... For if they do these things when the wood is green, what will happen when it is dry?”

In-depth-analysis

Simon of Cyrene: A man from North Africa, likely in Jerusalem for Passover. His forced carrying of the cross becomes a powerful image of discipleship ("take up [your] cross and follow me," Luke 9:23).
Words to the Daughters of Jerusalem: Unique to Luke. Even while suffering, Jesus's focus is on compassion and prophetic warning.
He foretells the horrific judgment coming upon Jerusalem (fulfilled in 70 A.D. by the Romans). The "blessed are the barren" statement (v. 29) reverses the Old Testament blessing of children, showing how terrible the coming days will be.
"Green wood... dry wood": A proverb. If this is how they treat the innocent and living ("green wood"), how much worse will be the fate of the guilty and spiritually dead ("dry wood") when judgment comes?

Bible references

Hos 10:8: ...They shall say to the mountains, "Cover us," and to the hills, "Fall on us." (Quoted by Jesus to describe the terror of the coming judgment).
Jer 7:29-34: (Prophecies of Jerusalem's destruction).
Mark 15:21: They compelled a passerby, Simon of Cyrene... to carry his cross. (Confirms Simon's role).

Cross references

Luke 21:20-24 (Jesus’s specific Olivet Discourse on Jerusalem’s fall); Rev 6:16 (People calling for mountains to fall on them during the tribulation).

Luke 23:32-38

Two others, who were criminals, were led away to be put to death with him. And when they came to the place that is called The Skull, there they crucified him, and the criminals... But Jesus said, “Father, forgive them, for they know not what they do.”... The rulers scoffed at him... The soldiers also mocked him... offering him sour wine... There was also an inscription over him, “This is the King of the Jews.”

In-depth-analysis

The Skull: Latin Calvaria, Aramaic Golgotha. The place of execution.
"Father, forgive them...": The first of the "seven sayings from the cross." It displays unparalleled grace, asking forgiveness for his executioners in the very act of their crime.
Fulfillment of Prophecy: He was crucified "with criminals" fulfilling Isaiah 53:12 ("numbered with the transgressors"). The mocking fulfills Psalm 22:7-8. The offering of sour wine fulfills Psalm 69:21.
The Inscription: Roman custom to state the charge. Written in Hebrew, Latin, and Greek (John 19:20), it ironically and unintentionally proclaims Jesus's true royal identity to the whole world.

Bible references

Isa 53:12: ...he... was numbered with the transgressors; yet he bore the sin of many, and makes intercession for the transgressors. (Direct fulfillment).
Psa 22:16, 18: ...they have pierced my hands and feet... they divide my garments among them, and for my clothing they cast lots. (The prophecy of crucifixion).
Psa 69:21: They gave me poison for food, and for my thirst they gave me sour wine to drink. (Fulfillment).

Cross references

Matt 27:32-44; Mark 15:22-32; John 19:17-24; Col 2:14 (Nailing our debts to the cross).

Luke 23:39-43

One of the criminals who were hanged railed at him, saying, “Are you not the Christ? Save yourself and us!” But the other rebuked him, saying, “Do you not fear God, since you are under the same sentence of condemnation? And we indeed justly... but this man has done nothing wrong.” And he said, “Jesus, remember me when you come into your kingdom.” And he said to him, “Truly, I say to you, today you will be with me in paradise.”

In-depth-analysis

This detailed exchange is unique to Luke. It shows two opposite human responses to Christ.
The repentant thief:
1. Fears God (v. 40).
2. Admits his guilt (v. 41).
3. Declares Jesus's innocence (v. 41).
4. Exercises faith in Jesus's future kingdom, even as Jesus is dying.
"Remember me": A plea for gracious recognition, not a demand.
"Paradise": Greek paradeisos, a Persian loanword for a walled garden or royal park. Jesus promises immediate, conscious fellowship with him after death.
This is the clearest biblical example of salvation by grace through faith alone, apart from any works, baptism, or religious ritual.

Bible references

Eph 2:8-9: For by grace you have been saved through faith. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God, not a result of works... (Perfect illustration).
Rom 10:9: ...if you confess with your mouth that Jesus is Lord and believe in your heart that God raised him from the dead, you will be saved. (The thief's confession in essence).
2 Cor 5:8: We are of good courage, and we would rather be away from the body and at home with the Lord. (Explains the state after death for believers).

Cross references

John 3:16 (Belief leading to eternal life); Rom 5:20 (Where sin increased, grace abounded all the more).

Luke 23:44-46

It was now about the sixth hour, and there was darkness over the whole land until the ninth hour, while the sun's light failed. And the curtain of the temple was torn in two. Then Jesus, calling out with a loud voice, said, “Father, into your hands I commit my spirit!” And having said this he breathed his last.

In-depth-analysis

Darkness: From noon to 3 p.m. This was not a natural eclipse. It was a supernatural sign of God's judgment upon sin, which Jesus was bearing. The Light of the World was being extinguished.
Tearing of the Temple Curtain: This massive veil separated the Holy of Holies (God's dwelling place) from the people. Its tearing from top to bottom signifies:
1. The Old Covenant sacrificial system is now obsolete.
2. Direct, unmediated access to God is now open to all people through Jesus Christ.
"Father, into your hands I commit my spirit": Unique to Luke. Quoting Psalm 31:5, it is a cry of ultimate trust and submission. Jesus is not a victim; He willingly gives His life. He is in control to the very end.

Bible references

Heb 10:19-20: ...we have confidence to enter the holy places by the blood of Jesus, by the new and living way that he opened for us through the curtain, that is, through his flesh. (The theological meaning of the torn curtain).
Amos 8:9: "And on that day," declares the Lord GOD, "I will make the sun go down at noon and darken the earth in broad daylight." (OT prophecy of darkness on the Day of the Lord).
Psa 31:5: Into your hand I commit my spirit; you have redeemed me, O LORD, faithful God. (The source of Jesus's final words).

Cross references

Exod 10:21-23 (Plague of darkness); Matt 27:45, 51; Mark 15:33, 38; Heb 9:1-14 (The function of the temple curtain).

Luke 23:47-49

Now when the centurion saw what had taken place, he praised God, saying, “Certainly this man was innocent!” And all the crowds that had assembled for this spectacle, when they saw what had happened, returned home beating their breasts. And all his acquaintances and the women who had followed him from Galilee stood at a distance watching these things.

In-depth-analysis

The Centurion's Confession: A hardened Roman soldier is so moved by Jesus's death and the accompanying signs that he praises God and declares Jesus's righteousness/innocence (dikaios). This is the climax of Gentile recognition in Luke's Gospel.
The Crowd's Reaction: "Beating their breasts" is a sign of deep grief, remorse, and conviction. The spectacle of the cross was not entertainment; it brought a sense of guilt.
The Witnesses: The faithful women who followed him are noted as witnesses to his death, just as they will be to his burial and empty tomb, providing legal and historical credibility to the resurrection account.

Bible references

Matt 27:54: ...the centurion and those who were with him... were filled with awe and said, “Truly this was the Son of God!” (Matthew’s version of the confession).
Zech 12:10: ...when they look on me, on him whom they have pierced, they shall mourn for him... (A prophecy of future repentance, foreshadowed here by the crowd's reaction).
Luke 2:34-35: ...“Behold, this child is appointed for the fall and rising of many in Israel... and a sword will pierce through your own soul also, so that thoughts from many hearts may be revealed.” (The cross revealing the true nature of all who encounter it).

Cross references

Mark 15:39; Luke 18:13 (Tax collector beating his breast in repentance).

Luke 23:50-56

Now there was a man named Joseph, from the Jewish town of Arimathea. He was a member of the council, a good and righteous man, who had not consented to their decision and action... This man went to Pilate and asked for the body of Jesus. Then he took it down and wrapped it in a linen shroud and laid him in a new tomb cut in stone, where no one had ever yet been laid... The women who had come with him from Galilee followed and saw the tomb and how his body was laid. Then they returned and prepared spices and ointments. On the Sabbath they rested according to the commandment.

In-depth-analysis

Joseph of Arimathea: A wealthy, respected member of the Sanhedrin (the very council that condemned Jesus) who was a secret disciple. His bold action to claim Jesus's body publicly "outs" his faith.
Linen Shroud & New Tomb: Burying Jesus in his own expensive, new tomb fulfills the prophecy of Isaiah 53:9 ("...they made his grave with the wicked and with a rich man in his death...").
"Where no one had ever yet been laid": An important detail. It removes any possibility that the later resurrection could be a case of mistaken identity or someone else's body.
Sabbath Rest: The women's adherence to the Sabbath law, even in their grief, shows their piety and sets a timeline. Their work is paused, creating a tension that will be resolved on Sunday morning.

Bible references

Isa 53:9: And they made his grave with the wicked and with a rich man in his death... (Fulfillment of Joseph’s action).
John 19:38-42: ...Joseph of Arimathea, who was a disciple of Jesus, but secretly... and Nicodemus also came... bringing a mixture of myrrh and aloes... So they took the body of Jesus... (John adds the detail of Nicodemus’s involvement).
Deut 21:22-23: ...if a man has committed a crime punishable by death... you shall not let his body remain all night on the tree, but you shall bury him the same day... (Joseph's action aligns with Jewish law).

Cross references

Matt 27:57-61; Mark 15:42-47; Lev 23:3 (Sabbath law).

Luke chapter 23 analysis

The Innocence of Jesus: Luke systematically highlights the innocence of Jesus through the declarations of his enemies and impartial observers: Pilate (v. 4, 14, 22), Herod (through his dismissive action, v. 15), the repentant thief (v. 41), and the Roman centurion (v. 47). This builds a legal case for Jesus's righteousness against the injustice of the world.
Universal Kingship: The charge against Jesus is that he is a "King." The entire chapter ironically confirms this. Pilate asks it, Herod mocks it, the sign proclaims it in three world languages, and the thief appeals to it. Jesus is enthroned not on a seat of power but on the cross, establishing a kingdom "not of this world."
Fulfillment of Prophecy: The chapter is saturated with the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecy, especially from Isaiah 53 (the Suffering Servant) and Psalm 22 (the Psalm of the Cross). Jesus's suffering was not a historical accident but the predetermined plan of God for redemption.
The Great Reversal: A theme throughout Luke's Gospel. The righteous King is condemned while the guilty rebel is set free. The giver of life is put to death. His greatest moment of perceived weakness is His ultimate triumph. Salvation is offered not to the righteous but to a dying, confessing criminal.

Luke 23 summary

Jesus is unjustly brought before Pilate and Herod, who both find no guilt in him. Despite Pilate's repeated declarations of his innocence, the crowd demands the release of the murderer Barabbas and the crucifixion of Jesus. On the cross, Jesus forgives his executioners, promises paradise to a repentant thief, and commits his spirit to the Father. His death is marked by supernatural darkness and the tearing of the temple curtain. A Roman centurion declares his innocence, and Joseph of Arimathea buries him in a new tomb, setting the stage for the resurrection.

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Luke chapter 23 kjv

¹ And the whole multitude of them arose, and led him unto Pilate.
² And they began to accuse him, saying, We found this fellow perverting the nation, and forbidding to give tribute to Caesar, saying that he himself is Christ a King.
³ And Pilate asked him, saying, Art thou the King of the Jews? And he answered him and said, Thou sayest it.
⁴ Then said Pilate to the chief priests and to the people, I find no fault in this man.
⁵ And they were the more fierce, saying, He stirreth up the people, teaching throughout all Jewry, beginning from Galilee to this place.
⁶ When Pilate heard of Galilee, he asked whether the man were a Galilaean.
⁷ And as soon as he knew that he belonged unto Herod's jurisdiction, he sent him to Herod, who himself also was at Jerusalem at that time.
⁸ And when Herod saw Jesus, he was exceeding glad: for he was desirous to see him of a long season, because he had heard many things of him; and he hoped to have seen some miracle done by him.
⁹ Then he questioned with him in many words; but he answered him nothing.
¹⁰ And the chief priests and scribes stood and vehemently accused him.
¹¹ And Herod with his men of war set him at nought, and mocked him, and arrayed him in a gorgeous robe, and sent him again to Pilate.
¹² And the same day Pilate and Herod were made friends together: for before they were at enmity between themselves.
¹³ And Pilate, when he had called together the chief priests and the rulers and the people,
¹⁴ Said unto them, Ye have brought this man unto me, as one that perverteth the people: and, behold, I, having examined him before you, have found no fault in this man touching those things whereof ye accuse him:
¹⁵ No, nor yet Herod: for I sent you to him; and, lo, nothing worthy of death is done unto him.
¹⁶ I will therefore chastise him, and release him.
¹⁷ (For of necessity he must release one unto them at the feast.)
¹⁸ And they cried out all at once, saying, Away with this man, and release unto us Barabbas:
¹⁹ (Who for a certain sedition made in the city, and for murder, was cast into prison.)
²⁰ Pilate therefore, willing to release Jesus, spake again to them.
²¹ But they cried, saying, Crucify him, crucify him.
²² And he said unto them the third time, Why, what evil hath he done? I have found no cause of death in him: I will therefore chastise him, and let him go.
²³ And they were instant with loud voices, requiring that he might be crucified. And the voices of them and of the chief priests prevailed.
²⁴ And Pilate gave sentence that it should be as they required.
²⁵ And he released unto them him that for sedition and murder was cast into prison, whom they had desired; but he delivered Jesus to their will.
²⁶ And as they led him away, they laid hold upon one Simon, a Cyrenian, coming out of the country, and on him they laid the cross, that he might bear it after Jesus.
²⁷ And there followed him a great company of people, and of women, which also bewailed and lamented him.
²⁸ But Jesus turning unto them said, Daughters of Jerusalem, weep not for me, but weep for yourselves, and for your children.
²⁹ For, behold, the days are coming, in the which they shall say, Blessed are the barren, and the wombs that never bare, and the paps which never gave suck.
³⁰ Then shall they begin to say to the mountains, Fall on us; and to the hills, Cover us.
³¹ For if they do these things in a green tree, what shall be done in the dry?
³² And there were also two other, malefactors, led with him to be put to death.
³³ And when they were come to the place, which is called Calvary, there they crucified him, and the malefactors, one on the right hand, and the other on the left.
³⁴ Then said Jesus, Father, forgive them; for they know not what they do. And they parted his raiment, and cast lots.
³⁵ And the people stood beholding. And the rulers also with them derided him, saying, He saved others; let him save himself, if he be Christ, the chosen of God.
³⁶ And the soldiers also mocked him, coming to him, and offering him vinegar,
³⁷ And saying, If thou be the king of the Jews, save thyself.
³⁸ And a superscription also was written over him in letters of Greek, and Latin, and Hebrew, THIS IS THE KING OF THE JEWS.
³⁹ And one of the malefactors which were hanged railed on him, saying, If thou be Christ, save thyself and us.
⁴⁰ But the other answering rebuked him, saying, Dost not thou fear God, seeing thou art in the same condemnation?
⁴¹ And we indeed justly; for we receive the due reward of our deeds: but this man hath done nothing amiss.
⁴² And he said unto Jesus, Lord, remember me when thou comest into thy kingdom.
⁴³ And Jesus said unto him, Verily I say unto thee, To day shalt thou be with me in paradise.
⁴⁴ And it was about the sixth hour, and there was a darkness over all the earth until the ninth hour.
⁴⁵ And the sun was darkened, and the veil of the temple was rent in the midst.
⁴⁶ And when Jesus had cried with a loud voice, he said, Father, into thy hands I commend my spirit: and having said thus, he gave up the ghost.
⁴⁷ Now when the centurion saw what was done, he glorified God, saying, Certainly this was a righteous man.
⁴⁸ And all the people that came together to that sight, beholding the things which were done, smote their breasts, and returned.
⁴⁹ And all his acquaintance, and the women that followed him from Galilee, stood afar off, beholding these things.
⁵⁰ And, behold, there was a man named Joseph, a counsellor; and he was a good man, and a just:
⁵¹ (The same had not consented to the counsel and deed of them;) he was of Arimathaea, a city of the Jews: who also himself waited for the kingdom of God.
⁵² This man went unto Pilate, and begged the body of Jesus.
⁵³ And he took it down, and wrapped it in linen, and laid it in a sepulchre that was hewn in stone, wherein never man before was laid.
⁵⁴ And that day was the preparation, and the sabbath drew on.
⁵⁵ And the women also, which came with him from Galilee, followed after, and beheld the sepulchre, and how his body was laid.
⁵⁶ And they returned, and prepared spices and ointments; and rested the sabbath day according to the commandment.

Luke chapter 23 nkjv

¹ Then the whole multitude of them arose and led Him to Pilate.
² And they began to accuse Him, saying, "We found this fellow perverting the nation, and forbidding to pay taxes to Caesar, saying that He Himself is Christ, a King."
³ Then Pilate asked Him, saying, "Are You the King of the Jews?" He answered him and said, "It is as you say."
⁴ So Pilate said to the chief priests and the crowd, "I find no fault in this Man."
⁵ But they were the more fierce, saying, "He stirs up the people, teaching throughout all Judea, beginning from Galilee to this place."
⁶ When Pilate heard of Galilee, he asked if the Man were a Galilean.
⁷ And as soon as he knew that He belonged to Herod's jurisdiction, he sent Him to Herod, who was also in Jerusalem at that time.
⁸ Now when Herod saw Jesus, he was exceedingly glad; for he had desired for a long time to see Him, because he had heard many things about Him, and he hoped to see some miracle done by Him.
⁹ Then he questioned Him with many words, but He answered him nothing.
¹⁰ And the chief priests and scribes stood and vehemently accused Him.
¹¹ Then Herod, with his men of war, treated Him with contempt and mocked Him, arrayed Him in a gorgeous robe, and sent Him back to Pilate.
¹² That very day Pilate and Herod became friends with each other, for previously they had been at enmity with each other.
¹³ Then Pilate, when he had called together the chief priests, the rulers, and the people,
¹⁴ said to them, "You have brought this Man to me, as one who misleads the people. And indeed, having examined Him in your presence, I have found no fault in this Man concerning those things of which you accuse Him;
¹⁵ no, neither did Herod, for I sent you back to him; and indeed nothing deserving of death has been done by Him.
¹⁶ I will therefore chastise Him and release Him"
¹⁷ (for it was necessary for him to release one to them at the feast).
¹⁸ And they all cried out at once, saying, "Away with this Man, and release to us Barabbas"?
¹⁹ who had been thrown into prison for a certain rebellion made in the city, and for murder.
²⁰ Pilate, therefore, wishing to release Jesus, again called out to them.
²¹ But they shouted, saying, "Crucify Him, crucify Him!"
²² Then he said to them the third time, "Why, what evil has He done? I have found no reason for death in Him. I will therefore chastise Him and let Him go."
²³ But they were insistent, demanding with loud voices that He be crucified. And the voices of these men and of the chief priests prevailed.
²⁴ So Pilate gave sentence that it should be as they requested.
²⁵ And he released to them the one they requested, who for rebellion and murder had been thrown into prison; but he delivered Jesus to their will.
²⁶ Now as they led Him away, they laid hold of a certain man, Simon a Cyrenian, who was coming from the country, and on him they laid the cross that he might bear it after Jesus.
²⁷ And a great multitude of the people followed Him, and women who also mourned and lamented Him.
²⁸ But Jesus, turning to them, said, "Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for Me, but weep for yourselves and for your children.
²⁹ For indeed the days are coming in which they will say, 'Blessed are the barren, wombs that never bore, and breasts which never nursed!'
³⁰ Then they will begin 'to say to the mountains, "Fall on us!" and to the hills, "Cover us!" '
³¹ For if they do these things in the green wood, what will be done in the dry?"
³² There were also two others, criminals, led with Him to be put to death.
³³ And when they had come to the place called Calvary, there they crucified Him, and the criminals, one on the right hand and the other on the left.
³⁴ Then Jesus said, "Father, forgive them, for they do not know what they do." And they divided His garments and cast lots.
³⁵ And the people stood looking on. But even the rulers with them sneered, saying, "He saved others; let Him save Himself if He is the Christ, the chosen of God."
³⁶ The soldiers also mocked Him, coming and offering Him sour wine,
³⁷ and saying, "If You are the King of the Jews, save Yourself."
³⁸ And an inscription also was written over Him in letters of Greek, Latin, and Hebrew: THIS IS THE KING OF THE JEWS.
³⁹ Then one of the criminals who were hanged blasphemed Him, saying, "If You are the Christ, save Yourself and us."
⁴⁰ But the other, answering, rebuked him, saying, "Do you not even fear God, seeing you are under the same condemnation?
⁴¹ And we indeed justly, for we receive the due reward of our deeds; but this Man has done nothing wrong."
⁴² Then he said to Jesus, "Lord, remember me when You come into Your kingdom."
⁴³ And Jesus said to him, "Assuredly, I say to you, today you will be with Me in Paradise."
⁴⁴ Now it was about the sixth hour, and there was darkness over all the earth until the ninth hour.
⁴⁵ Then the sun was darkened, and the veil of the temple was torn in two.
⁴⁶ And when Jesus had cried out with a loud voice, He said, "Father, 'into Your hands I commit My spirit.' " Having said this, He breathed His last.
⁴⁷ So when the centurion saw what had happened, he glorified God, saying, "Certainly this was a righteous Man!"
⁴⁸ And the whole crowd who came together to that sight, seeing what had been done, beat their breasts and returned.
⁴⁹ But all His acquaintances, and the women who followed Him from Galilee, stood at a distance, watching these things.
⁵⁰ Now behold, there was a man named Joseph, a council member, a good and just man.
⁵¹ He had not consented to their decision and deed. He was from Arimathea, a city of the Jews, who himself was also waiting for the kingdom of God.
⁵² This man went to Pilate and asked for the body of Jesus.
⁵³ Then he took it down, wrapped it in linen, and laid it in a tomb that was hewn out of the rock, where no one had ever lain before.
⁵⁴ That day was the Preparation, and the Sabbath drew near.
⁵⁵ And the women who had come with Him from Galilee followed after, and they observed the tomb and how His body was laid.
⁵⁶ Then they returned and prepared spices and fragrant oils. And they rested on the Sabbath according to the commandment.

Luke chapter 23 niv

¹ Then the whole assembly rose and led him off to Pilate.
² And they began to accuse him, saying, "We have found this man subverting our nation. He opposes payment of taxes to Caesar and claims to be Messiah, a king."
³ So Pilate asked Jesus, "Are you the king of the Jews?" "You have said so," Jesus replied.
⁴ Then Pilate announced to the chief priests and the crowd, "I find no basis for a charge against this man."
⁵ But they insisted, "He stirs up the people all over Judea by his teaching. He started in Galilee and has come all the way here."
⁶ On hearing this, Pilate asked if the man was a Galilean.
⁷ When he learned that Jesus was under Herod's jurisdiction, he sent him to Herod, who was also in Jerusalem at that time.
⁸ When Herod saw Jesus, he was greatly pleased, because for a long time he had been wanting to see him. From what he had heard about him, he hoped to see him perform a sign of some sort.
⁹ He plied him with many questions, but Jesus gave him no answer.
¹⁰ The chief priests and the teachers of the law were standing there, vehemently accusing him.
¹¹ Then Herod and his soldiers ridiculed and mocked him. Dressing him in an elegant robe, they sent him back to Pilate.
¹² That day Herod and Pilate became friends?before this they had been enemies.
¹³ Pilate called together the chief priests, the rulers and the people,
¹⁴ and said to them, "You brought me this man as one who was inciting the people to rebellion. I have examined him in your presence and have found no basis for your charges against him.
¹⁵ Neither has Herod, for he sent him back to us; as you can see, he has done nothing to deserve death.
¹⁶ Therefore, I will punish him and then release him."
¹⁸ But the whole crowd shouted, "Away with this man! Release Barabbas to us!"
¹⁹ (Barabbas had been thrown into prison for an insurrection in the city, and for murder.)
²⁰ Wanting to release Jesus, Pilate appealed to them again.
²¹ But they kept shouting, "Crucify him! Crucify him!"
²² For the third time he spoke to them: "Why? What crime has this man committed? I have found in him no grounds for the death penalty. Therefore I will have him punished and then release him."
²³ But with loud shouts they insistently demanded that he be crucified, and their shouts prevailed.
²⁴ So Pilate decided to grant their demand.
²⁵ He released the man who had been thrown into prison for insurrection and murder, the one they asked for, and surrendered Jesus to their will.
²⁶ As the soldiers led him away, they seized Simon from Cyrene, who was on his way in from the country, and put the cross on him and made him carry it behind Jesus.
²⁷ A large number of people followed him, including women who mourned and wailed for him.
²⁸ Jesus turned and said to them, "Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for me; weep for yourselves and for your children.
²⁹ For the time will come when you will say, 'Blessed are the childless women, the wombs that never bore and the breasts that never nursed!'
³⁰ Then "?'they will say to the mountains, "Fall on us!" and to the hills, "Cover us!"?'
³¹ For if people do these things when the tree is green, what will happen when it is dry?"
³² Two other men, both criminals, were also led out with him to be executed.
³³ When they came to the place called the Skull, they crucified him there, along with the criminals?one on his right, the other on his left.
³⁴ Jesus said, "Father, forgive them, for they do not know what they are doing." And they divided up his clothes by casting lots.
³⁵ The people stood watching, and the rulers even sneered at him. They said, "He saved others; let him save himself if he is God's Messiah, the Chosen One."
³⁶ The soldiers also came up and mocked him. They offered him wine vinegar
³⁷ and said, "If you are the king of the Jews, save yourself."
³⁸ There was a written notice above him, which read: THIS IS THE KING OF THE JEWS.
³⁹ One of the criminals who hung there hurled insults at him: "Aren't you the Messiah? Save yourself and us!"
⁴⁰ But the other criminal rebuked him. "Don't you fear God," he said, "since you are under the same sentence?
⁴¹ We are punished justly, for we are getting what our deeds deserve. But this man has done nothing wrong."
⁴² Then he said, "Jesus, remember me when you come into your kingdom."
⁴³ Jesus answered him, "Truly I tell you, today you will be with me in paradise."
⁴⁴ It was now about noon, and darkness came over the whole land until three in the afternoon,
⁴⁵ for the sun stopped shining. And the curtain of the temple was torn in two.
⁴⁶ Jesus called out with a loud voice, "Father, into your hands I commit my spirit." When he had said this, he breathed his last.
⁴⁷ The centurion, seeing what had happened, praised God and said, "Surely this was a righteous man."
⁴⁸ When all the people who had gathered to witness this sight saw what took place, they beat their breasts and went away.
⁴⁹ But all those who knew him, including the women who had followed him from Galilee, stood at a distance, watching these things.
⁵⁰ Now there was a man named Joseph, a member of the Council, a good and upright man,
⁵¹ who had not consented to their decision and action. He came from the Judean town of Arimathea, and he himself was waiting for the kingdom of God.
⁵² Going to Pilate, he asked for Jesus' body.
⁵³ Then he took it down, wrapped it in linen cloth and placed it in a tomb cut in the rock, one in which no one had yet been laid.
⁵⁴ It was Preparation Day, and the Sabbath was about to begin.
⁵⁵ The women who had come with Jesus from Galilee followed Joseph and saw the tomb and how his body was laid in it.
⁵⁶ Then they went home and prepared spices and perfumes. But they rested on the Sabbath in obedience to the commandment.

Luke chapter 23 esv

¹ Then the whole company of them arose and brought him before Pilate.
² And they began to accuse him, saying, "We found this man misleading our nation and forbidding us to give tribute to Caesar, and saying that he himself is Christ, a king."
³ And Pilate asked him, "Are you the King of the Jews?" And he answered him, "You have said so."
⁴ Then Pilate said to the chief priests and the crowds, "I find no guilt in this man."
⁵ But they were urgent, saying, "He stirs up the people, teaching throughout all Judea, from Galilee even to this place."
⁶ When Pilate heard this, he asked whether the man was a Galilean.
⁷ And when he learned that he belonged to Herod's jurisdiction, he sent him over to Herod, who was himself in Jerusalem at that time.
⁸ When Herod saw Jesus, he was very glad, for he had long desired to see him, because he had heard about him, and he was hoping to see some sign done by him.
⁹ So he questioned him at some length, but he made no answer.
¹⁰ The chief priests and the scribes stood by, vehemently accusing him.
¹¹ And Herod with his soldiers treated him with contempt and mocked him. Then, arraying him in splendid clothing, he sent him back to Pilate.
¹² And Herod and Pilate became friends with each other that very day, for before this they had been at enmity with each other.
¹³ Pilate then called together the chief priests and the rulers and the people,
¹⁴ and said to them, "You brought me this man as one who was misleading the people. And after examining him before you, behold, I did not find this man guilty of any of your charges against him.
¹⁵ Neither did Herod, for he sent him back to us. Look, nothing deserving death has been done by him.
¹⁶ I will therefore punish and release him."
¹⁸ But they all cried out together, "Away with this man, and release to us Barabbas" ?
¹⁹ a man who had been thrown into prison for an insurrection started in the city and for murder.
²⁰ Pilate addressed them once more, desiring to release Jesus,
²¹ but they kept shouting, "Crucify, crucify him!"
²² A third time he said to them, "Why? What evil has he done? I have found in him no guilt deserving death. I will therefore punish and release him."
²³ But they were urgent, demanding with loud cries that he should be crucified. And their voices prevailed.
²⁴ So Pilate decided that their demand should be granted.
²⁵ He released the man who had been thrown into prison for insurrection and murder, for whom they asked, but he delivered Jesus over to their will.
²⁶ And as they led him away, they seized one Simon of Cyrene, who was coming in from the country, and laid on him the cross, to carry it behind Jesus.
²⁷ And there followed him a great multitude of the people and of women who were mourning and lamenting for him.
²⁸ But turning to them Jesus said, "Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for me, but weep for yourselves and for your children.
²⁹ For behold, the days are coming when they will say, 'Blessed are the barren and the wombs that never bore and the breasts that never nursed!'
³⁰ Then they will begin to say to the mountains, 'Fall on us,' and to the hills, 'Cover us.'
³¹ For if they do these things when the wood is green, what will happen when it is dry?"
³² Two others, who were criminals, were led away to be put to death with him.
³³ And when they came to the place that is called The Skull, there they crucified him, and the criminals, one on his right and one on his left.
³⁴ And Jesus said, "Father, forgive them, for they know not what they do." And they cast lots to divide his garments.
³⁵ And the people stood by, watching, but the rulers scoffed at him, saying, "He saved others; let him save himself, if he is the Christ of God, his Chosen One!"
³⁶ The soldiers also mocked him, coming up and offering him sour wine
³⁷ and saying, "If you are the King of the Jews, save yourself!"
³⁸ There was also an inscription over him, "This is the King of the Jews."
³⁹ One of the criminals who were hanged railed at him, saying, "Are you not the Christ? Save yourself and us!"
⁴⁰ But the other rebuked him, saying, "Do you not fear God, since you are under the same sentence of condemnation?
⁴¹ And we indeed justly, for we are receiving the due reward of our deeds; but this man has done nothing wrong."
⁴² And he said, "Jesus, remember me when you come into your kingdom."
⁴³ And he said to him, "Truly, I say to you, today you will be with me in paradise."
⁴⁴ It was now about the sixth hour, and there was darkness over the whole land until the ninth hour,
⁴⁵ while the sun's light failed. And the curtain of the temple was torn in two.
⁴⁶ Then Jesus, calling out with a loud voice, said, "Father, into your hands I commit my spirit!" And having said this he breathed his last.
⁴⁷ Now when the centurion saw what had taken place, he praised God, saying, "Certainly this man was innocent!"
⁴⁸ And all the crowds that had assembled for this spectacle, when they saw what had taken place, returned home beating their breasts.
⁴⁹ And all his acquaintances and the women who had followed him from Galilee stood at a distance watching these things.
⁵⁰ Now there was a man named Joseph, from the Jewish town of Arimathea. He was a member of the council, a good and righteous man,
⁵¹ who had not consented to their decision and action; and he was looking for the kingdom of God.
⁵² This man went to Pilate and asked for the body of Jesus.
⁵³ Then he took it down and wrapped it in a linen shroud and laid him in a tomb cut in stone, where no one had ever yet been laid.
⁵⁴ It was the day of Preparation, and the Sabbath was beginning.
⁵⁵ The women who had come with him from Galilee followed and saw the tomb and how his body was laid.
⁵⁶ Then they returned and prepared spices and ointments. On the Sabbath they rested according to the commandment.

Luke chapter 23 nlt

¹ Then the entire council took Jesus to Pilate, the Roman governor.
² They began to state their case: "This man has been leading our people astray by telling them not to pay their taxes to the Roman government and by claiming he is the Messiah, a king."
³ So Pilate asked him, "Are you the king of the Jews?" Jesus replied, "You have said it."
⁴ Pilate turned to the leading priests and to the crowd and said, "I find nothing wrong with this man!"
⁵ Then they became insistent. "But he is causing riots by his teaching wherever he goes ? all over Judea, from Galilee to Jerusalem!"
⁶ "Oh, is he a Galilean?" Pilate asked.
⁷ When they said that he was, Pilate sent him to Herod Antipas, because Galilee was under Herod's jurisdiction, and Herod happened to be in Jerusalem at the time.
⁸ Herod was delighted at the opportunity to see Jesus, because he had heard about him and had been hoping for a long time to see him perform a miracle.
⁹ He asked Jesus question after question, but Jesus refused to answer.
¹⁰ Meanwhile, the leading priests and the teachers of religious law stood there shouting their accusations.
¹¹ Then Herod and his soldiers began mocking and ridiculing Jesus. Finally, they put a royal robe on him and sent him back to Pilate.
¹² (Herod and Pilate, who had been enemies before, became friends that day.)
¹³ Then Pilate called together the leading priests and other religious leaders, along with the people,
¹⁴ and he announced his verdict. "You brought this man to me, accusing him of leading a revolt. I have examined him thoroughly on this point in your presence and find him innocent.
¹⁵ Herod came to the same conclusion and sent him back to us. Nothing this man has done calls for the death penalty.
¹⁶ So I will have him flogged, and then I will release him."
¹⁸ Then a mighty roar rose from the crowd, and with one voice they shouted, "Kill him, and release Barabbas to us!"
¹⁹ (Barabbas was in prison for taking part in an insurrection in Jerusalem against the government, and for murder.)
²⁰ Pilate argued with them, because he wanted to release Jesus.
²¹ But they kept shouting, "Crucify him! Crucify him!"
²² For the third time he demanded, "Why? What crime has he committed? I have found no reason to sentence him to death. So I will have him flogged, and then I will release him."
²³ But the mob shouted louder and louder, demanding that Jesus be crucified, and their voices prevailed.
²⁴ So Pilate sentenced Jesus to die as they demanded.
²⁵ As they had requested, he released Barabbas, the man in prison for insurrection and murder. But he turned Jesus over to them to do as they wished.
²⁶ As they led Jesus away, a man named Simon, who was from Cyrene, happened to be coming in from the countryside. The soldiers seized him and put the cross on him and made him carry it behind Jesus.
²⁷ A large crowd trailed behind, including many grief-stricken women.
²⁸ But Jesus turned and said to them, "Daughters of Jerusalem, don't weep for me, but weep for yourselves and for your children.
²⁹ For the days are coming when they will say, 'Fortunate indeed are the women who are childless, the wombs that have not borne a child and the breasts that have never nursed.'
³⁰ People will beg the mountains, 'Fall on us,' and plead with the hills, 'Bury us.'
³¹ For if these things are done when the tree is green, what will happen when it is dry? "
³² Two others, both criminals, were led out to be executed with him.
³³ When they came to a place called The Skull, they nailed him to the cross. And the criminals were also crucified ? one on his right and one on his left.
³⁴ Jesus said, "Father, forgive them, for they don't know what they are doing." And the soldiers gambled for his clothes by throwing dice.
³⁵ The crowd watched and the leaders scoffed. "He saved others," they said, "let him save himself if he is really God's Messiah, the Chosen One."
³⁶ The soldiers mocked him, too, by offering him a drink of sour wine.
³⁷ They called out to him, "If you are the King of the Jews, save yourself!"
³⁸ A sign was fastened above him with these words: "This is the King of the Jews."
³⁹ One of the criminals hanging beside him scoffed, "So you're the Messiah, are you? Prove it by saving yourself ? and us, too, while you're at it!"
⁴⁰ But the other criminal protested, "Don't you fear God even when you have been sentenced to die?
⁴¹ We deserve to die for our crimes, but this man hasn't done anything wrong."
⁴² Then he said, "Jesus, remember me when you come into your Kingdom."
⁴³ And Jesus replied, "I assure you, today you will be with me in paradise."
⁴⁴ By this time it was about noon, and darkness fell across the whole land until three o'clock.
⁴⁵ The light from the sun was gone. And suddenly, the curtain in the sanctuary of the Temple was torn down the middle.
⁴⁶ Then Jesus shouted, "Father, I entrust my spirit into your hands!" And with those words he breathed his last.
⁴⁷ When the Roman officer overseeing the execution saw what had happened, he worshiped God and said, "Surely this man was innocent. "
⁴⁸ And when all the crowd that came to see the crucifixion saw what had happened, they went home in deep sorrow.
⁴⁹ But Jesus' friends, including the women who had followed him from Galilee, stood at a distance watching.
⁵⁰ Now there was a good and righteous man named Joseph. He was a member of the Jewish high council,
⁵¹ but he had not agreed with the decision and actions of the other religious leaders. He was from the town of Arimathea in Judea, and he was waiting for the Kingdom of God to come.
⁵² He went to Pilate and asked for Jesus' body.
⁵³ Then he took the body down from the cross and wrapped it in a long sheet of linen cloth and laid it in a new tomb that had been carved out of rock.
⁵⁴ This was done late on Friday afternoon, the day of preparation, as the Sabbath was about to begin.
⁵⁵ As his body was taken away, the women from Galilee followed and saw the tomb where his body was placed.
⁵⁶ Then they went home and prepared spices and ointments to anoint his body. But by the time they were finished the Sabbath had begun, so they rested as required by the law.