Exodus 37 summary meaning ai explained commentary

Exodus 37 meaning explained in AI Summary

Bezalel constructs the Ark of the Covenant, the table of showbread, and the golden lampstand according to God's precise instructions. These sacred objects will be placed in the Holy Place of the Tabernacle.

Exodus Chapter 37 details the construction of the furnishings for the tabernacle, following the precise instructions God gave to Moses.

The Ark of the Covenant (verses 1-9): Bezalel, the chief craftsman, builds the Ark of the Covenant from acacia wood, overlaying it with gold inside and out. He crafts the mercy seat, two cherubim of hammered gold, and rings for the carrying poles.

The Table and its Accessories (verses 10-16): The table for the bread of the Presence is constructed from acacia wood, overlaid with gold. Its dishes, bowls, jars, and other utensils are also made of pure gold.

The Lampstand (verses 17-24): The seven-branched lampstand is hammered out of pure gold, including its base, shaft, cups, buds, and petals. Its lamps and accessories are also made of gold.

The Altar of Incense (verses 25-28): The altar for burning incense is built from acacia wood and overlaid with gold. It has a gold molding around the top and rings for carrying poles.

The Anointing Oil (verse 29): The recipe for the holy anointing oil is followed, creating a blend of fragrant spices and olive oil.

The Incense (verses 29): The fragrant incense is prepared according to God's specific instructions, using a blend of spices.

Overall Theme: Chapter 37 emphasizes the meticulous obedience to God's instructions in constructing the tabernacle furnishings. Every detail, material, and measurement is followed precisely, highlighting the sacredness and holiness of these objects. The chapter also emphasizes the craftsmanship and artistry involved in creating these beautiful and symbolic pieces.

Exodus 37 bible study ai commentary

Exodus 37 documents the faithful and meticulous construction of the sacred furniture for the Tabernacle's Holy Place and Most Holy Place. Following the divine blueprints given to Moses, Spirit-empowered craftsmen led by Bezalel bring the divine plan into physical reality. This chapter is not a mere inventory but a profound theological statement on obedience, the role of God's Spirit in enabling human work, and the creation of a sacred space where heaven and earth meet. Every object crafted is a "shadow" that points to the substance and reality found in the person and work of Jesus Christ.

Exodus 37 Context

Following the disastrous episode of the Golden Calf (Exo 32) and the subsequent renewal of the covenant (Exo 34), Israel responds with overwhelming generosity (Exo 36:1-7). This chapter transitions from preparation to action. The construction detailed here is an act of restored fellowship and devotion. The craftsman, Bezalel (Hebrew: B'tsal'el, meaning "in the shadow/protection of God"), is explicitly filled with the Spirit of God (Exo 31:3, 35:31), making his work not just a human craft but a divine art. This context highlights that proximity to God is only possible through God's own provision, design, and empowerment, a sharp contrast to the human-devised idolatry of the calf.

Exodus 37:1-9

Bezalel made the ark of acacia wood. Two cubits and a half was its length, a cubit and a half its breadth, and a cubit and a half its height. And he overlaid it with pure gold inside and outside, and made a molding of gold around it. ... And he made the mercy seat of pure gold. ... The cherubim spread out their wings above, overshadowing the mercy seat with their wings, their faces one to another; toward the mercy seat were the faces of the cherubim.

In-depth-analysis

Ark (aron): This is a chest or box. The construction demonstrates a dual nature.
- Acacia Wood: A dense, durable, desert wood, often seen as representing incorruptible, perfected humanity (Christ's sinless human nature).
- Pure Gold, Inside and Out: Gold represents deity, purity, and royalty. Overlaying the wood inside and out speaks to Christ's divine nature fully encompassing his human nature. He is fully God and fully man.
Poles: The poles remained in the rings permanently (Exo 25:15), signifying God's presence was mobile, always ready to journey with His people. It was not a static, localized deity like pagan gods.
Mercy Seat (kapporet): This word is from the root kaphar, meaning "to cover" or "to atone." It was the lid of the Ark, but functionally it was God's throne on earth, where atonement was made on the Day of Atonement. The blood was sprinkled on it, above the Law (the tablets) which was inside the Ark. This shows mercy triumphs over judgment.
Cherubim: These are not chubby infants, but powerful angelic beings who guard God's holiness (Gen 3:24, Eze 10). Their gazes are fixed downward on the Mercy Seat, signifying their perpetual focus on God's work of redemption and atonement.

Bible references

Hebrews 9:3-5: '...the golden censer and the ark of the covenant overlaid on all sides with gold, in which were a golden urn holding the manna, and Aaron's staff that budded, and the tablets of the covenant. Above it were the cherubim of glory overshadowing the mercy seat.' (NT description and significance).
Romans 3:25: 'whom God put forward as a propitiation [Greek: hilasterion] by his blood...' (Hilasterion is the Septuagint's translation for the Hebrew kapporet, the Mercy Seat. Christ is our Mercy Seat).
John 1:14: 'And the Word became flesh and dwelt [literally "tabernacled"] among us...' (Christ is the ultimate dwelling of God with humanity, prefigured by the Ark).

Cross references

1 Sam 4:4 (Ark as God's throne); Deut 10:1-5 (Tablets in the Ark); Psa 80:1 (God enthroned between the cherubim); 1 Pet 1:12 (Angels long to look into salvation).

Polemics

The Ark stood in stark contrast to the idols of Egypt and Canaan. It contained no image of God. Its significance was in what it represented: God's law, God's provision (manna), God's authority (Aaron's rod), and most importantly, God's atoning presence on the Mercy Seat. It was a throne, not an idol.

Exodus 37:10-16

He also made the table of acacia wood... And he overlaid it with pure gold and made a molding of gold around it. ... He also made the vessels of pure gold that were to be on the table: its plates and dishes for incense, and its flagons and bowls with which to pour drink offerings.

In-depth-analysis

Table (shulchan): This table was for the "Bread of the Presence" (lechem ha-panim), signifying God's provision and covenant fellowship with His people.
Construction: The same acacia wood and gold overlay shows it shares the sacred character of the Ark, pointing to a divinely-human provision.
Twelve Loaves (Implied): The table held twelve loaves of bread, one for each tribe of Israel (Lev 24:5-8). It was a perpetual offering, showing Israel continually living in God's presence and receiving sustenance from Him.
Vessels: The specific utensils underscore the table as a place of active service and communion, not static display.

Bible references

John 6:35: 'Jesus said to them, “I am the bread of life; whoever comes to me shall not hunger...”' (Christ is the true bread from heaven that gives eternal life).
1 Corinthians 10:16-17: 'The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ? Because there is one bread, we who are many are one body...' (The Table foreshadows the Lord's Supper and our communion with Christ and each other).
Leviticus 24:5-9: '...You shall set them in two piles, six in a pile, on the table of pure gold before the LORD.' (Instructions for the Bread of the Presence).

Cross references

1 Kings 7:48 (Solomon's temple table); Mal 1:7, 12 (God's table must be honored); Matt 26:26 (Institution of the Lord's Supper).

Exodus 37:17-24

He also made the lampstand of pure gold. He made the lampstand of hammered work. Its base, its stem, its cups, its calyxes, and its flowers were of one piece with it. ... He made it and all its utensils of a talent of pure gold.

In-depth-analysis

Lampstand (menorah): This provided the only light within the Holy Place, which had no windows. It symbolizes the light of God's Word and presence in a dark world.
Pure Gold: Its construction from a single talent (approx. 75 lbs) of pure gold signifies its divine origin and preciousness.
Hammered Work (miqshah): It was not cast in a mold but beaten into shape from one piece. This symbolizes unity and could typologically represent the sufferings (beating/hammering) of Christ, through which He became the light for us.
Almond Blossoms: The almond tree was the first to bloom in spring and is a symbol of new life and watchfulness in Scripture (Jer 1:11-12).

Bible references

John 8:12: 'Again Jesus spoke to them, saying, “I am the light of the world...”' (Christ is the fulfillment of the Menorah's symbolism).
Revelation 1:12-13, 20: '...I saw seven golden lampstands, and in the midst of the lampstands one like a son of man... the seven lampstands are the seven churches.' (The symbol is extended to represent Christ's presence with His church, which is to be a light to the world).
Zechariah 4:2-6: '...I see, and behold, a lampstand all of gold... This is the word of the LORD to Zerubbabel: Not by might, nor by power, but by my Spirit, says the LORD of hosts.' (The Menorah is explicitly linked to the power and work of the Holy Spirit).

Cross references

Psa 119:105 (Word as a lamp); Matt 5:14-16 (Believers as light of the world); Phil 2:15 (Shining as lights).

Exodus 37:25-28

He made the altar of incense of acacia wood... And he overlaid it with pure gold... And he made for it poles of acacia wood and overlaid them with gold.

In-depth-analysis

Altar of Incense (mizbeach ha-qetoret): Located just before the veil separating the Holy Place from the Most Holy Place, its function was perpetual intercession.
Construction: Acacia and gold again, linking it thematically to the other sacred furniture. It had "horns," symbolizing power and a place to take refuge.
Function: The sweet-smelling smoke rising from the altar symbolized the prayers of the saints ascending to the throne of God. Its proximity to the veil shows prayer is the pathway into God's presence.

Bible references

Revelation 8:3-4: '...and he was given much incense to offer with the prayers of all the saints on the golden altar before the throne, and the smoke of the incense... went up before God.' (A direct parallel in the heavenly temple).
Psalm 141:2: 'Let my prayer be set before you as incense, the lifting up of my hands as the evening sacrifice.' (Poetic imagery capturing the altar's meaning).
Hebrews 7:25: 'Consequently, he is able to save to the uttermost... since he always lives to make intercession for them.' (Christ is the ultimate intercessor, fulfilling the altar's function).

Cross references

Luke 1:8-10 (Zechariah offering incense); Exo 30:34-38 (The sacred incense formula).

Exodus 37:29

He also made the holy anointing oil and the pure, fragrant incense, blended as by the perfumer.

In-depth-analysis

Summary Statement: This verse concludes the work on the inner sanctuary items by summarizing the creation of the two sacred consumables.
Holy Anointing Oil: This was used to consecrate the priests and all the Tabernacle furnishings, setting them apart from common use and marking them as holy to the LORD. It represents the Holy Spirit's anointing that sanctifies and empowers for service.
Pure Fragrant Incense: The specific, unique formula was holy. Attempting to replicate it for personal use was punishable by death (Exo 30:38), showing that worship and prayer must be on God's terms.

Bible references

Exodus 30:22-38: Provides the exact divine recipes for both the oil and the incense.
1 John 2:20, 27: 'But you have been anointed by the Holy One... the anointing that you received from him abides in you...' (The concept of divine anointing is applied to all New Covenant believers).
2 Corinthians 2:15: 'For we are the aroma of Christ to God...' (Believers' lives are a spiritual "incense" to God).

Cross references

Psa 133:2 (Anointing of Aaron); Lev 8:10-12 (Use of the oil); 1 Sam 16:13 (David's anointing).

Exodus chapter 37 analysis

Obedience as Worship: The most striking feature of Exodus 35-39 is the repetition of the phrase "as the LORD had commanded Moses." The construction is not a display of human creativity but of perfect, detailed obedience. Israel's faithfulness in making is the response to God's faithfulness in giving His law and presence.
Spirit-Empowered Artistry: Bezalel is the first person in the Bible described as "filled with the Spirit of God" (Exo 31:3). This divine empowerment was not for prophecy or miracles, but for wisdom, understanding, knowledge, and craftsmanship. It sanctifies skilled labor and artistry, showing that building for God's glory is a spiritual work. This is a pattern for the gifts of the Spirit in the church, which are for building up the body of Christ (1 Cor 12:4-7).
A "Shadow" of Heavenly Realities: The writer of Hebrews explicitly states the Tabernacle and its services were "a copy and shadow of the heavenly things" (Heb 8:5). Each piece of furniture—Ark (presence), Table (fellowship), Lampstand (light), and Altar (prayer)—finds its ultimate substance and meaning in the person and ministry of Jesus Christ. Exodus 37 describes the creation of the shadows that point to Him.
Progressive Holiness: The structure of the Tabernacle and the placement of the furniture show a progression from the outer court (accessible to all Israelites, representing justification) to the Holy Place (accessible to priests, representing sanctification) to the Most Holy Place (accessible once a year by the High Priest, representing glorification). This chapter focuses on the furniture for the inner two sections, the realms of sanctified service and immediate divine presence.

Exodus 37 summary

Exodus 37 is the detailed account of the construction of the Tabernacle's holy furniture. Led by the Spirit-filled craftsman Bezalel, the Israelites faithfully build the Ark of the Covenant, the Table of Showbread, the Golden Lampstand, and the Altar of Incense exactly as God commanded. The chapter serves as a powerful testament to perfect obedience and reveals how each sacred object functioned as a rich, Christological symbol pointing to the person and work of the true Tabernacle, Jesus Christ.

Exodus 36 AI Exodus 38 AI

Exodus 37 AI Image Audio and Video

Exodus chapter 37 kjv

¹ And Bezaleel made the ark of shittim wood: two cubits and a half was the length of it, and a cubit and a half the breadth of it, and a cubit and a half the height of it:
² And he overlaid it with pure gold within and without, and made a crown of gold to it round about.
³ And he cast for it four rings of gold, to be set by the four corners of it; even two rings upon the one side of it, and two rings upon the other side of it.
⁴ And he made staves of shittim wood, and overlaid them with gold.
⁵ And he put the staves into the rings by the sides of the ark, to bear the ark.
⁶ And he made the mercy seat of pure gold: two cubits and a half was the length thereof, and one cubit and a half the breadth thereof.
⁷ And he made two cherubim of gold, beaten out of one piece made he them, on the two ends of the mercy seat;
⁸ One cherub on the end on this side, and another cherub on the other end on that side: out of the mercy seat made he the cherubim on the two ends thereof.
⁹ And the cherubim spread out their wings on high, and covered with their wings over the mercy seat, with their faces one to another; even to the mercy seatward were the faces of the cherubim.
¹⁰ And he made the table of shittim wood: two cubits was the length thereof, and a cubit the breadth thereof, and a cubit and a half the height thereof:
¹¹ And he overlaid it with pure gold, and made thereunto a crown of gold round about.
¹² Also he made thereunto a border of an handbreadth round about; and made a crown of gold for the border thereof round about.
¹³ And he cast for it four rings of gold, and put the rings upon the four corners that were in the four feet thereof.
¹⁴ Over against the border were the rings, the places for the staves to bear the table.
¹⁵ And he made the staves of shittim wood, and overlaid them with gold, to bear the table.
¹⁶ And he made the vessels which were upon the table, his dishes, and his spoons, and his bowls, and his covers to cover withal, of pure gold.
¹⁷ And he made the candlestick of pure gold: of beaten work made he the candlestick; his shaft, and his branch, his bowls, his knops, and his flowers, were of the same:
¹⁸ And six branches going out of the sides thereof; three branches of the candlestick out of the one side thereof, and three branches of the candlestick out of the other side thereof:
¹⁹ Three bowls made after the fashion of almonds in one branch, a knop and a flower; and three bowls made like almonds in another branch, a knop and a flower: so throughout the six branches going out of the candlestick.
²⁰ And in the candlestick were four bowls made like almonds, his knops, and his flowers:
²¹ And a knop under two branches of the same, and a knop under two branches of the same, and a knop under two branches of the same, according to the six branches going out of it.
²² Their knops and their branches were of the same: all of it was one beaten work of pure gold.
²³ And he made his seven lamps, and his snuffers, and his snuffdishes, of pure gold.
²⁴ Of a talent of pure gold made he it, and all the vessels thereof.
²⁵ And he made the incense altar of shittim wood: the length of it was a cubit, and the breadth of it a cubit; it was foursquare; and two cubits was the height of it; the horns thereof were of the same.
²⁶ And he overlaid it with pure gold, both the top of it, and the sides thereof round about, and the horns of it: also he made unto it a crown of gold round about.
²⁷ And he made two rings of gold for it under the crown thereof, by the two corners of it, upon the two sides thereof, to be places for the staves to bear it withal.
²⁸ And he made the staves of shittim wood, and overlaid them with gold.
²⁹ And he made the holy anointing oil, and the pure incense of sweet spices, according to the work of the apothecary.

Exodus chapter 37 nkjv

¹ Then Bezalel made the ark of acacia wood; two and a half cubits was its length, a cubit and a half its width, and a cubit and a half its height.
² He overlaid it with pure gold inside and outside, and made a molding of gold all around it.
³ And he cast for it four rings of gold to be set in its four corners: two rings on one side, and two rings on the other side of it.
⁴ He made poles of acacia wood, and overlaid them with gold.
⁵ And he put the poles into the rings at the sides of the ark, to bear the ark.
⁶ He also made the mercy seat of pure gold; two and a half cubits was its length and a cubit and a half its width.
⁷ He made two cherubim of beaten gold; he made them of one piece at the two ends of the mercy seat:
⁸ one cherub at one end on this side, and the other cherub at the other end on that side. He made the cherubim at the two ends of one piece with the mercy seat.
⁹ The cherubim spread out their wings above, and covered the mercy seat with their wings. They faced one another; the faces of the cherubim were toward the mercy seat.
¹⁰ He made the table of acacia wood; two cubits was its length, a cubit its width, and a cubit and a half its height.
¹¹ And he overlaid it with pure gold, and made a molding of gold all around it.
¹² Also he made a frame of a handbreadth all around it, and made a molding of gold for the frame all around it.
¹³ And he cast for it four rings of gold, and put the rings on the four corners that were at its four legs.
¹⁴ The rings were close to the frame, as holders for the poles to bear the table.
¹⁵ And he made the poles of acacia wood to bear the table, and overlaid them with gold.
¹⁶ He made of pure gold the utensils which were on the table: its dishes, its cups, its bowls, and its pitchers for pouring.
¹⁷ He also made the lampstand of pure gold; of hammered work he made the lampstand. Its shaft, its branches, its bowls, its ornamental knobs, and its flowers were of the same piece.
¹⁸ And six branches came out of its sides: three branches of the lampstand out of one side, and three branches of the lampstand out of the other side.
¹⁹ There were three bowls made like almond blossoms on one branch, with an ornamental knob and a flower, and three bowls made like almond blossoms on the other branch, with an ornamental knob and a flower?and so for the six branches coming out of the lampstand.
²⁰ And on the lampstand itself were four bowls made like almond blossoms, each with its ornamental knob and flower.
²¹ There was a knob under the first two branches of the same, a knob under the second two branches of the same, and a knob under the third two branches of the same, according to the six branches extending from it.
²² Their knobs and their branches were of one piece; all of it was one hammered piece of pure gold.
²³ And he made its seven lamps, its wick-trimmers, and its trays of pure gold.
²⁴ Of a talent of pure gold he made it, with all its utensils.
²⁵ He made the incense altar of acacia wood. Its length was a cubit and its width a cubit?it was square?and two cubits was its height. Its horns were of one piece with it.
²⁶ And he overlaid it with pure gold: its top, its sides all around, and its horns. He also made for it a molding of gold all around it.
²⁷ He made two rings of gold for it under its molding, by its two corners on both sides, as holders for the poles with which to bear it.
²⁸ And he made the poles of acacia wood, and overlaid them with gold.
²⁹ He also made the holy anointing oil and the pure incense of sweet spices, according to the work of the perfumer.

Exodus chapter 37 niv

¹ Bezalel made the ark of acacia wood?two and a half cubits long, a cubit and a half wide, and a cubit and a half high.
² He overlaid it with pure gold, both inside and out, and made a gold molding around it.
³ He cast four gold rings for it and fastened them to its four feet, with two rings on one side and two rings on the other.
⁴ Then he made poles of acacia wood and overlaid them with gold.
⁵ And he inserted the poles into the rings on the sides of the ark to carry it.
⁶ He made the atonement cover of pure gold?two and a half cubits long and a cubit and a half wide.
⁷ Then he made two cherubim out of hammered gold at the ends of the cover.
⁸ He made one cherub on one end and the second cherub on the other; at the two ends he made them of one piece with the cover.
⁹ The cherubim had their wings spread upward, overshadowing the cover with them. The cherubim faced each other, looking toward the cover.
¹⁰ They made the table of acacia wood?two cubits long, a cubit wide and a cubit and a half high.
¹¹ Then they overlaid it with pure gold and made a gold molding around it.
¹² They also made around it a rim a handbreadth wide and put a gold molding on the rim.
¹³ They cast four gold rings for the table and fastened them to the four corners, where the four legs were.
¹⁴ The rings were put close to the rim to hold the poles used in carrying the table.
¹⁵ The poles for carrying the table were made of acacia wood and were overlaid with gold.
¹⁶ And they made from pure gold the articles for the table?its plates and dishes and bowls and its pitchers for the pouring out of drink offerings.
¹⁷ They made the lampstand of pure gold. They hammered out its base and shaft, and made its flowerlike cups, buds and blossoms of one piece with them.
¹⁸ Six branches extended from the sides of the lampstand?three on one side and three on the other.
¹⁹ Three cups shaped like almond flowers with buds and blossoms were on one branch, three on the next branch and the same for all six branches extending from the lampstand.
²⁰ And on the lampstand were four cups shaped like almond flowers with buds and blossoms.
²¹ One bud was under the first pair of branches extending from the lampstand, a second bud under the second pair, and a third bud under the third pair?six branches in all.
²² The buds and the branches were all of one piece with the lampstand, hammered out of pure gold.
²³ They made its seven lamps, as well as its wick trimmers and trays, of pure gold.
²⁴ They made the lampstand and all its accessories from one talent of pure gold.
²⁵ They made the altar of incense out of acacia wood. It was square, a cubit long and a cubit wide and two cubits high?its horns of one piece with it.
²⁶ They overlaid the top and all the sides and the horns with pure gold, and made a gold molding around it.
²⁷ They made two gold rings below the molding?two on each of the opposite sides?to hold the poles used to carry it.
²⁸ They made the poles of acacia wood and overlaid them with gold.
²⁹ They also made the sacred anointing oil and the pure, fragrant incense?the work of a perfumer.

Exodus chapter 37 esv

¹ Bezalel made the ark of acacia wood. Two cubits and a half was its length, a cubit and a half its breadth, and a cubit and a half its height.
² And he overlaid it with pure gold inside and outside, and made a molding of gold around it.
³ And he cast for it four rings of gold for its four feet, two rings on its one side and two rings on its other side.
⁴ And he made poles of acacia wood and overlaid them with gold
⁵ and put the poles into the rings on the sides of the ark to carry the ark.
⁶ And he made a mercy seat of pure gold. Two cubits and a half was its length, and a cubit and a half its breadth.
⁷ And he made two cherubim of gold. He made them of hammered work on the two ends of the mercy seat,
⁸ one cherub on the one end, and one cherub on the other end. Of one piece with the mercy seat he made the cherubim on its two ends.
⁹ The cherubim spread out their wings above, overshadowing the mercy seat with their wings, with their faces one to another; toward the mercy seat were the faces of the cherubim.
¹⁰ He also made the table of acacia wood. Two cubits was its length, a cubit its breadth, and a cubit and a half its height.
¹¹ And he overlaid it with pure gold, and made a molding of gold around it.
¹² And he made a rim around it a handbreadth wide, and made a molding of gold around the rim.
¹³ He cast for it four rings of gold and fastened the rings to the four corners at its four legs.
¹⁴ Close to the frame were the rings, as holders for the poles to carry the table.
¹⁵ He made the poles of acacia wood to carry the table, and overlaid them with gold.
¹⁶ And he made the vessels of pure gold that were to be on the table, its plates and dishes for incense, and its bowls and flagons with which to pour drink offerings.
¹⁷ He also made the lampstand of pure gold. He made the lampstand of hammered work. Its base, its stem, its cups, its calyxes, and its flowers were of one piece with it.
¹⁸ And there were six branches going out of its sides, three branches of the lampstand out of one side of it and three branches of the lampstand out of the other side of it;
¹⁹ three cups made like almond blossoms, each with calyx and flower, on one branch, and three cups made like almond blossoms, each with calyx and flower, on the other branch ? so for the six branches going out of the lampstand.
²⁰ And on the lampstand itself were four cups made like almond blossoms, with their calyxes and flowers,
²¹ and a calyx of one piece with it under each pair of the six branches going out of it.
²² Their calyxes and their branches were of one piece with it. The whole of it was a single piece of hammered work of pure gold.
²³ And he made its seven lamps and its tongs and its trays of pure gold.
²⁴ He made it and all its utensils out of a talent of pure gold.
²⁵ He made the altar of incense of acacia wood. Its length was a cubit, and its breadth was a cubit. It was square, and two cubits was its height. Its horns were of one piece with it.
²⁶ He overlaid it with pure gold, its top and around its sides and its horns. And he made a molding of gold around it,
²⁷ and made two rings of gold on it under its molding, on two opposite sides of it, as holders for the poles with which to carry it.
²⁸ And he made the poles of acacia wood and overlaid them with gold.
²⁹ He made the holy anointing oil also, and the pure fragrant incense, blended as by the perfumer.

Exodus chapter 37 nlt

¹ Next Bezalel made the Ark of acacia wood ? a sacred chest 45 inches long, 27 inches wide, and 27 inches high.
² He overlaid it inside and outside with pure gold, and he ran a molding of gold all around it.
³ He cast four gold rings and attached them to its four feet, two rings on each side.
⁴ Then he made poles from acacia wood and overlaid them with gold.
⁵ He inserted the poles into the rings at the sides of the Ark to carry it.
⁶ Then he made the Ark's cover ? the place of atonement ? from pure gold. It was 45 inches long and 27 inches wide.
⁷ He made two cherubim from hammered gold and placed them on the two ends of the atonement cover.
⁸ He molded the cherubim on each end of the atonement cover, making it all of one piece of gold.
⁹ The cherubim faced each other and looked down on the atonement cover. With their wings spread above it, they protected it.
¹⁰ Then Bezalel made the table of acacia wood, 36 inches long, 18 inches wide, and 27 inches high.
¹¹ He overlaid it with pure gold and ran a gold molding around the edge.
¹² He decorated it with a 3-inch border all around, and he ran a gold molding along the border.
¹³ Then he cast four gold rings for the table and attached them at the four corners next to the four legs.
¹⁴ The rings were attached near the border to hold the poles that were used to carry the table.
¹⁵ He made these poles from acacia wood and overlaid them with gold.
¹⁶ Then he made special containers of pure gold for the table ? bowls, ladles, jars, and pitchers ? to be used in pouring out liquid offerings.
¹⁷ Then Bezalel made the lampstand of pure, hammered gold. He made the entire lampstand and its decorations of one piece ? the base, center stem, lamp cups, buds, and petals.
¹⁸ The lampstand had six branches going out from the center stem, three on each side.
¹⁹ Each of the six branches had three lamp cups shaped like almond blossoms, complete with buds and petals.
²⁰ The center stem of the lampstand was crafted with four lamp cups shaped like almond blossoms, complete with buds and petals.
²¹ There was an almond bud beneath each pair of branches where the six branches extended from the center stem, all made of one piece.
²² The almond buds and branches were all of one piece with the center stem, and they were hammered from pure gold.
²³ He also made seven lamps for the lampstand, lamp snuffers, and trays, all of pure gold.
²⁴ The entire lampstand, along with its accessories, was made from 75 pounds of pure gold.
²⁵ Then Bezalel made the incense altar of acacia wood. It was 18 inches square and 36 inches high, with horns at the corners carved from the same piece of wood as the altar itself.
²⁶ He overlaid the top, sides, and horns of the altar with pure gold, and he ran a gold molding around the entire altar.
²⁷ He made two gold rings and attached them on opposite sides of the altar below the gold molding to hold the carrying poles.
²⁸ He made the poles of acacia wood and overlaid them with gold.
²⁹ Then he made the sacred anointing oil and the fragrant incense, using the techniques of a skilled incense maker.